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£Oth CoN«R£SS^ 
1st Session. 


Ho. or Reps. 


[Doc. No. 99.] 
COLONIZATION SOCIETY. 







OS' TU£ 


AMERICAN SOCIETY, 

FOR COLONIZING THE FREE PEOPLE OF COLOR 


0¥ TH* 


UNITED STATES. 


January £8, 1828. 

Read, and referred to a Select Committee, to wit; Mr. Mercer, Mr. Gorham, Mr. 
Snepperd, Mr. Weems, Mr, Johns, Mr. Vinton, and Mr. Fort. 


WASHINGTON : 


PRINTID IT OA1E8 & SEATON. 











[Doc. No. 99.] 


MEMORIAL. 


To the Honorable the Senate and House of Representatives of the Uni* 
ted States in Congress assembled : 

The memorial of the American Society for Colonizing the free Peo'- 
pie of Color of the United States, 

Respectfully represents : 

That, in the year 1816, a number of respectable individuals formed 
themselves into a Society at the Seat of the National Government, 
for the purpose of promoting the voluntary colonization of the free 
People of Color of the United States, in Africa, or elsewhere ; and, 
soon afterwards, adopted preparatory measures for the aceomplishment 
of their purpose. 

With this view, suitable persons were sent to the southwestern coast 
of Africa, with instructions to visit the British settlement of Sierra 
Leone, and other places in the vicinity, to select a proper location for 
the proposed Colony, and to ascertain how far reliance might be 
placed on the favorable disposition of the native tribes; and from 
these Commissioners a report was received of the most encouraging 
character. After some further inquiries, and preparatory efforts, a 
small Colony w as sent out in the year 1820, and placed on Sherbro 
Island, as a temporary residence, until possession could be obtained 
of a neighboring tract of land on the continent, which the natives 
had promised to sell. The performance of this promise was delayed 
and evaded, under various pretexts, for a considerable time, during 
wliich the health of the Colony suffered very materially, from the low, 
flat, and marshy ground of Sherbro, where they were compelled to 
continue their residence much longer than had been anticipated. At 
length, however, the Agents of the Government of the United States, 
employed to select a suitable situation for recaptured Africans, effect¬ 
ed, in conjunction with those of the Colonization Society, the pur- 
chaseof an extensive territory at the mouth of Montserado river, in¬ 
cluding the cape and bay of that river; and there the Colony has been 
established. The soil is fertile, the land elevated nearly one hundred 
feet above the sea, the climate as healthy as any in Africa, and the an¬ 
chorage in the bay and roadstead, not inferior to any on the whole 
coast. 

liie distance from the flourishing Colony of Sierra Leone, is be¬ 
tween two and three hundred miles. Tlie natives in the vicinity are 
divided into a great number of small and nearly independent tribes ; 
and, being but slightly held together by any superior authority, may 



4 


[Doc. No, 99.] 

be considered as wholly incapable of uniting, to any serious extent, for 
purposes of hostility. In a single instance, an attack was made on 
the Colony, while in its feeblest condition ; but the facility \^ith which 
it was repelled, renders the future security of the Colony from similar 
attacks unquestionable, under its probable increase of population, and 
the improved means of defence with which it has already been provid¬ 
ed. The conduct of the natives, indeed, is now of the most peace¬ 
able and friendly character; and their kindness and confidence has 
been considerably increased by the return of several individuals of 
distinction among the neighboring tribes, who had been taken from a 
Spanish slave ship, and, after receiving in America the most friendly 
attentions, were restored, by the American Government, to the homes 
from which they had been torn. 

Notwithstanding the difficulties inseparable from the opening and 
first settlement of distant and uncultivated regions, difficulties in¬ 
creased, on the present occasion, by the scanty means to be drawn 
from the only sources of supply open to the Society, the Colony has 
annually increased in population, and now contains more than twelve 
hundred individuals, A Government has been established, republi¬ 
can (as far as the unformed character of the Colony will permit) in its 
principles; regular and efficient in its operation; and, thus far, providing 
the necessary securities for life, liberty, and property. One hundred 
and fifty miles of coast are under the Colonial jurisdiction, and no 
less than eight important stations on this line are occupied by traders 
from the Colony. From this territory, the slave trade is believed to 
be nearly, if not quite, banished, and the natives begin to engage in 
agriculture, and carry on a valuable commerce with the inhabitants 
of Liberia. Tlie trade of the Colony has increased with remarkable 
rapidity, and many settlers have each acquired by it, in the course of 
three or four years, property to the amount of several thousand dol¬ 
lars. Many plantations have been cleared, and put under cultivation, 
and so fertile is the soil, that an annual product will soon, doubtless, 
be realized, adequate to the supply, not only of those who have al¬ 
ready emigrated, but of those, also, who may hereafter be induced t» 
seek for happiness and independence in the land of their fathers, and 
a home of their own. Schools have been established, and every child 
in the Colony enjoys their benefits. Fortifications, and many public 
buildings, have been erected, a spirit of enterprise prevails, and peace, 
order, and contentment, are the evidences of general prosperity. 

For more full and detailed information concerning the Colony, the 
Society refer to the accompanying report. Such is a general outline 
of the operations of the Society, and such the present condition of the 
Colony. 

In the progress that has been made, your memorialists have found 
nothing to discourage them, and, from the actual state of things, which 
they liavc thus been enabled to present to the view of youi* honorable 
body, they derive the pleasing anticipation of being able to demon¬ 
strate t«) the world, that they are engaged in an enterprise, neither un¬ 
wise, Jior impracticable. In the course of a few short years, a small 


[l)oe. No. 99.] 


5 


Muiiibei* of respectable individuals, actuated only by the most pbilan- 
tliropic motives, possessing no political power, and destitute of all pe¬ 
cuniary resources, except such as were to be found in the charity, the 
benevolence, and the patriotism, of their fellow-citizens, have suc¬ 
ceeded in exploring a distant coast, in overcoming, in a great measure, 
the very natural but very powerful prejudices of the community in 
which they live, and in transplanting to the western shores of Africa, 
and maintaining in a state of perfect security, a Cedony of several 
hundred of the free colored population of their country. But a pe¬ 
riod has at length arrived, when tlie Society would no longer be justi¬ 
fied in relying on its own limited resources, for accomplishing what 
yet remains of its patriotic undertaking. 

'rhe Colony that has been settled, small as it is, is yet too large to 
be governed by a distant and unincorporated Society. If the ac¬ 
knowledged imperfections of human nature, and the uniform history 
of mankind, did not evince the dangei*s necessarily connected with 
the sudden transition of any people from a state of moral and politi¬ 
cal degradation, to one of umjualificd freedom, the experience of the 
Bi itish Colony at Sierra Leone, would sufficiently demonstrate how 
utterly fallacious must bo all reliance on political restrictions, deriving 
their only sanction from the voluntary submission of a population, 
such as that of which the C(dony at Liberia will be composed. And 
if, with these evidences before it, the Society should leave its infant 
settlement to the inade([i!ate protection to be deidved from its own I’e- 
sources, it would be justly chargeable with all the evils that must ne¬ 
cessarily result from the defective powers of control with which it is 
invested. 

In reference, too, to the great objects to be accomplished, it is now 
time to look to other means than such as can be supplied by individual 
charity. The extent to which reliance may be placed on this resource, 
has been, in a great measure, ascertained ; and if, at the very com¬ 
mencement of the undertaking, aided as it has been by all the charms 
of novelty, means have been furnished for removing only a few hun¬ 
dred, out of the many thousands that are annually added to the free 
colored population of the country, it is obvious, that a further de¬ 
pendence on this resource, would be little less than an abandonment 
of the enterprise. The evil to be removed, is continually inci-easing, 
while the means for its removal are proportionably diminished : and, 
with every exertion on the pai*t of the Colonization Society, unless 
access can be had to other resources, each succeeding year must find 
it more remote from the object of its pursuit. Under these circum¬ 
stances, the Society has felt itself justified in asking the immediate and 
effectual interposition of the Government of the country. The object 
it proposes to accomplish, is the removal to the coast of Africa, with 
their own consent, of such People of Color within tho United States, 
as arc already free, and of such others as the humanity of iijdividuals, 
and the laws of the different States, may hereafter liberate. Such an 
object, connected as it is with the justice, the Iiumanity, and the wel¬ 
fare, of our countr*y, and calculated to elavatc lire character, and to im- 


6 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

prove the condition of a very degraded j)ortion of the human race, 
cannot fail to be considered as one of deep and general inierest; and 
the wisdom of the National Legislature may be safely relied on, for 
suggesting and applying the necessary means for its accomplishment. 
Your memorialists confidently trust, that in this explicit avowal of 
the real and only design of the American Colonization Society, will 
be found its best vindication from the contradictory imputations cast 
upon it, of attempting, at the same moment, and by tbe same process, 
to interfere, on the one hand, with the legal obligations of slavery, and, 
on the other, to rivet the chains more firmly than ever on its present 
subjects. Tbe Society has at all times recognized tbe constitutional 
and legitimate existence of slavery; and, whatever may have been 
thought of its unhappy ijifluence on the general interests of the coun¬ 
try, the Government of the Union has never been looked to as the 
proper or authorized instrument for effecting its removal. But to 
that Government it has been thought that resort might be had for fur¬ 
nishing the means of voluntary emigration to another description of 
population, exercising a confessedly injurious influence on every por¬ 
tion of our country, but especio.lly so on those parts of it in which sla¬ 
very still exists. And if, in relation to the latter, the effects of such 
' a measure should be to afford, to individual humanity, a wider field for 
action, and to the State authorities an opportunity and an induce¬ 
ment to encourage, rather than to forbid emancipation within their re¬ 
spective limits, your memoinalists have hoped that this considera¬ 
tion alone, instead of j)rejudicing their present application, would 
operate as one of its most powerful recommendations. And that such 
would be the case with the nation, they have every reason to believe. 

The reception which the Colonization Society has met, in almost 
every instance, from the People, bespeaks a deep and general interest 
in its success ; and the resolutions which have been adopted by a very 
large proportion of the Legi latures of the States, in favor of the 
plan of colonizing the free People of Color, indicate it as an object 
entitled, in every respect, to the aid and patronage of a Government, 
whose peculiar province it is, in the exercise of its legitimate powers, 
to provide for the common defence, and to promote the general wel¬ 
fare” of the country over which it presides. To that Government, 
the question is now fairly submitted, in the fullest confidence that it 
will receive the consideration due to its importance, and a decision 
worthy of the Legislature of a free, a great, and an enlightened nation. 


ELEVENTH REPORT 

Of the Board of Managers of the American Colonisation Society, sub¬ 
mitted to the Annual Meetings on the 19th January, 1828 . 

At no time, since the origin of this Institution, have the Managers 
of the American Colonization Society been i>ermitted to appear before 
the General Meeting with such entire confidence in the ultimate sue- 



[Doc. No. 99.] 


1 ' 


cess of their scheme, as at present, when, in the discharge of dutj, 
they submit their Eleventh Annual Report. 

The Board trust tliat the events of the last year, now to be recorded, 
whether relating to the proceedings of the Society, the progress of the 
Colony of Liberia, or the increasing disposition of our countrymen 
to lend it their aid, will aSbrd evidence that this confidence is the re¬ 
sult neither of imagination nor enthusiasm, but of cool reflection and 
sober reasoning. 

It was announced in the last Report that the brig Doris was pre¬ 
paring to sail for the Colony, with a considerable number of emi¬ 
grants, most of whom were from North Carolina. This vessel left 
Hampton Roads on the 25th of February, and, after a somewhat pro¬ 
tracted passage of 45 days, arrived at Liberia, on the 11th of April. 
The whole number of passengers, 93, enjoyed perfect health during 
the voyage, and experienced the eftects of ihe climate, with the loss 
only of tsvo small cliildren. In regard to the natives of North Caro¬ 
lina, Mr. Ashmun observes, all the change they have undergone, 
‘‘ seems to be less a disease than a salutary effort of nature to accom- 

modatc the physical system of its subjects to the new influences of a 
“ tropical climate.” The health and prosperity of these emigrants, 
were doubtless, in great measure, to be attributed to tlie sedulous and 
judicious attentions paid to them, during the passage, by Mr. Wm. P. 
Mathew s, Supercargo and part owner of the Doris, and to their com¬ 
fortable accommodation, shortly after their arrival, in the receptacle 
(a large building which had just been erected for the benefit of new¬ 
comers) at Caldwell, a settlement on the St. Paul’s, not less sidubrious, 
in the opinion of the Colonial Agent, than any one in the extensive 
W est of our ow n country. 

On the 12th of January, previous to the arrival of the Doris, Lieut. 
Norris, in the Schoonci* Shark, had, under instructions from the Hon. 
Secretary of the Navy, visited the United States’ Agency at the colony, 
and, by his presence and exertions, contributed to aid the influence of 
the Colonial Government for the suppression of the slave trade, and to 
strengthen sentiments of good will tow ards the settlement among the 
neighboring tribes. In his report, Lieut. Norris rc])resents the “Co- 
lony to be in a very flourishing condition, the people contented and 
healthy, and the native tribes friendly.” 

By a decree of the Supreme Court, at its last session, 142 recaptured 
Africans, in the State of Georgia, were placed under t!ie humane pro¬ 
visions of the law of Congress which authorizes the Executive to re¬ 
store to their native land all such Africans as may have been illegally 
introduced into this country, and the ship Norfolk was employed to 
convey them to the Agency in Liberia. Tl)is vessel sailed from Sa¬ 
vannah on the 10th of July, and anchored at Cape Montserado on the 
27th of August. Of the whole nund)er of passengers, Mr. Ashmun 
writes, ‘‘ it may be interesting to the Board, as a proof of tlie extensive 
business and resources of their coloriy, to observe, that not more than 
20 remain, even at this early date, (only 7 days arrived) a charge to 
the United States. Two-thirds of the whole number have situations 


8 


p)oc. No. 99.] 

in the families of the older settlers, for terms of from one to three years. 
The remainder are at service, on wages, to be paid them at tlie year^i 
end—when it is my intention to treat them, in all respects, as seftiers, 
the natives of the United States, (unless the Board shall, in the interim, 
order differently,) and assign them their lands as to other emigrants. 
I have, however, engaged to all who employ these people, whether as 
apprentices or on service for wages, materials for one suit of clothing, 
and one month’s provisions, or its equivalent in tobacco, for as many 
as they take. And this tidfling gratuity forms the last object of ex¬ 
pense to the United States, which it is expected will ever arise on this 
account. And fm* this early relief, they are wholly indebted to ap¬ 
propriations made, however cautiously and sparingly, towards the 
Colony ; the members of which, to repay the benefits received from the 
United States, thus take the burdens which would, without them, still 
continue to press heavily, and fulfil the benevolent intentions of the 
Government towards the recaptured Africans in their most extensive 
sense.” 

Encouraged by the public liberality, and the numerous applications 
fora passage to Liberia, the Managers, during the Autumn, despatch¬ 
ed three vessels; only one of which can, by this time, have reached the 
Colony, and from none of w hid) has intelligence been received. 

The first of these, the brig Doris, sailed from Baltimore on the 10th 
of November, with 82 passengers. To these, twenty-three others 
were added at Norfolk, making a total of 105. Of this whole num¬ 
ber, sixty-two were liberated especially for colonization in Africa. 

The schooner Randolph w^as employed by the Society to convey 
from Georgetown, S. C. twenty-six Africans manumitted by a single 
benevolent individual, near Cheraw; and this vessel sailed for the Co¬ 
lony on the 5th of December. 

Subsequently, one hundred and sixty-four persons embarked in the 
brig Nautilus, and arc now on their passage to Africa. These were 
principally from the lower counties of North Carolina, and had en¬ 
joyed the friendly advice and superintendence of the Society of 
Friends, who liberally assisted them in making preparations for the 
voyage. Tw o highly respected members of this society were delegat¬ 
ed to accompany these emigrants to Norfolk ; to defray the expenses 
of their jouj iiey, supply them with clothing, and ever’ thcr article 
necessary for their health and comfort : and these < ^ere dis¬ 

charged w ith the kindest and most faithful attention. - viO not know, 
says a correspondent, a discontented person among ai' v’ho are about 
to embark. 

It may here be proper to state, that the population of the Colony, 
including emigrants by recent expeditions, exceeds twelve hundred 
persons, and that, of this number, reckoning the Africans sent out by 
the Goveimment, five hundred and thirty-three have been introduced 
since our last anniversary. Of course, three hundred and ninety-one 
have, the year past, been transported by the Society. To have added 
a larger number to the infant Colony, during the same period, even 
had the Society possessed the most ample means, would, in the opinion 


9 


fDoc. No. 99.T 

of the managers, have been inexpedient. Tliey doubt not, however, 
that every ensuing year may witness a considerable increase of emi¬ 
gration, without injury to the colony. 

The managers rejoice to state, that Liberia and the adjacent coun¬ 
try possess resources sufficient to meet tlie necessities of a very nu¬ 
merous population. On this subject, the Board beg leave to make a 
short extract from an Address of the Colonists to the Free People of 
Color of the United States, dated the 27 th August, 1827 : “Away 
with all the false notions that are circulating about the barrenness of 
tliis country ; they arc the observations of such ignorant or designing 
men as would injure both it and you. A more fertile soil, and a more 
productive country, so far as it is cultivated, there is not, we believe, 
on the face of the earth. Even the natives of the country, almost with¬ 
out farming tools, without skill, and with very little labor, make more 
grain and vegetables than they can consume, and often more than they 
can sell. Cattle, swine, fowls, ducks, goats, and sheep, thrive with¬ 
out feeding, and require noothercare than to keep them from straying. 
Cotton, coffee, indigo, and the sugar cane, are all the spontaneous 
growtii of our forests; and may be cultivated at pleasure, to any ex¬ 
tent, by sucli as are disposed. The same may be said of rice, Indian 
corn, Guinea corn, millet, and too many species of fruits and vegeta¬ 
bles to be enumerated. Nahirc is here constantly renewing herself, 
and constantly pouring her treasures into the laps of the industrious.” 

In conrirmation of tliis testimony, might be adduced the opinions of 
many disinterested individuals who have visited the Colony; yet, con¬ 
sidering the fact, that, wliile neglected almost entirely, as has been the 
agriculture of this part of Africa, in consequence of the slave trade, 
African provisions can, at present, be purchased cheaper, by one-half, 
than American, none will question its truth. Fine cattle may be 
bought at a little distance from the Colony, at from three to six dollars 
the head; rice, of the best quality, for less than a dollar the bushel; and 
palm oil, answering all the uses of butter and lard, for culinary piir- 
l)oses, at twenty cents per gallon, equal, in cookery, to six pounds of 
butter. “ Tim Colony is wholly supplied with coffee from its own 
limits.” It grows without culture in great profusion, and may be pur¬ 
chased of the natives at about five cents the pound. The settlers find 
their time too valuable to be employed in gathering it, yet, in the opin¬ 
ion of Mr. Ashmim, it may. should no new' plantations be made, anal¬ 
ly be exported, in considerable quantities, from the Colony. 

Agriculture, it must be confessed, has received too little attention. 
The reasons of this are found in the perplexed and difficult circum¬ 
stances of the earliest settlers; tiie unfavorable nature of the lands of 
the Cape ; the habits of many who first emigrated, acquired by their 
long residence in our large cities, and the ignorance of all, of the modes 
of cultivation best adapted to the climate and productions of Africa; 
tlie necessity of employing time in the erection of houses and fortifica- 
tions ; and, above all, the strong temptation to engage in the very pro¬ 
fitable trade of the country. 

The inhabitants of Caldwell, and the other settlements on Stockton 


la [Doc. No. 99.] 

.creek, are beginning to engage in this pursuit \vitl> great decisron and 
energy; and enough has alrea<ly been accomplished to prove^ that we 
have not overrated, in the preceding remarks, the pi oductivencss of 
Africa; and that time, experience, and effort, alone are reipiisite to 
realize all the advantages enjoyed by the cultivators of the soih in the 
most fertile and favoi'ed tropical countries. 

The trade of the Colony is rapidly increasing, and to tliis is it prin¬ 
cipally indebted for its pi esent remarkable prosperity. It is carried 
on (say the Cedonists, in their late address,) in the produCiious of the 
country, consisting of rice, palm oil, ivory, tortoise shell, dye woods, 
gold, hides, wax, and a small amount of coHcc ; and it brings ns, in 
icturn, the products and manufactures of* the four (luarters of (lie 
world. Seldom, indeed, is our harbor clear of Eiiroj-ean ami Ameri¬ 
can vessels; and tlie bustle and thronging of our streets, show something, 
already, of the activity of tlie smaller sea ports of the United States.’’ 

By means of this trade the managers are infortned, that many of 
the colonists have, in tlie course of three oi* four years, acquired pro¬ 
perty to the amount of several thousand dollars, each ; and that there 
exists, throughout the settlements, an abundance, not only of the iie- 
cCvSsaries, but of the comforts, and not a few of thelwxiii*ies of life. The 
great advantages cjf this trallic are manifest from the fact, that the 
Colonial Agent estimates the annual netl profits of a small schooner, 
emjdoyed by him, in conveying articles for barter to several factories 
established under the authority of the Colony, to tlie leeward of Mon¬ 
rovia, and bringing in return the sujiplies accumulated in exchange 
for these articles, at g 4,700, a sum nearly adequate to defi ay tlie cx- 
jiensc of the whole organization for the jmblic service, both for the 
United States’ Agency, and the Colonial Government. In consequence 
of an injury done to the schooner, this intercourse has been for a sea¬ 
son discontinued, but is probably resumed before the jireseut time. 
The possession of larger vessels would, doubtless, add immensely to 
the trade of the country, and tlie interests of the Colony. 

The Board rejoice to state, that three new fortifications, and thir¬ 
teen public buihiiiigs, exclusive of the cliurches, are either completed 
already, wr so far advanced as to authorize the expectation that they 
will be finished in the course of the year. Forty workmen, .says Mr. 
Ashmun, in a letter of March last, are employed* in erecting them. In 
the expense of many of these, it is true, (being indispensable to the fulfil¬ 
ment of the benevolent objects of its Agency,) the Government has .shar¬ 
ed ; yet several of great importance have been commenced, and depend 
for their completion upon the resources of the Society and the colonistJ 5 . 

It is a fact, highly creditable to the public spirit of the people, 
that a company has been incorporated for imjnoving tlie naviga¬ 
tion of Moritserndo river, and a subscription raised to the amount 
of about one thousand dollars, while, witli laudable zeal, the stock¬ 
holders have pledged themselves to increase the sum to four thousand, 
if necessary, to effect their object. To encourage this object, the 
Colonial Agent has been authorized by the Board of Managers to sub¬ 
scribe for stock, .sliould he judge it expedient, to the amount of one 
thousand dollars. ( Appendix C.) 


[Doc. No. 99. j 


li 


Thcsum orioui’toeu hundreil dollars, annually, including gSOO sub* 
scribed by the Colonial Agent in the name of the Society, tiie colonies 
have voluntarily engaged to pay lor the support of schools ; and also 
expressed a disposition to aid liberally in securing the services of a 
physician. 

system of government,* adopted in IS‘34, has continued with¬ 
out any material changes during the year, and has fulfilled, in a very 
'•nicient and sati'-factory manner, the great purposes for whicli goveim- 
inent is instituted. At the last elcctioij, most of tlie olFicers of the 
prcredi’ig year, wcic reappointed, and J* we commence the year,” 
says Mr. Ashinun, with .a better jirospcct of harmony in the dilJer- 
ent operations of our little civil machine, than ever before. The 
principles of social order and of a good, cipiable, and energetic go¬ 
vernment, are deeply and pletitifnlly imjduntcd in the minds of the 
iijfluentiai part, if not of a nri jority, of the colonists, and jn-omisc the 
''ertain arrival, (1 do not think ii will be early however,) of that state 
of injpi'ovement, when the Board can safely withdraw their Agents, 
and leave tlie people to the government of themselves.” 

Tlie Managers liaNC nolliing to relate in reference to the moral and 
religious iut *rests of tlie Colony, that will add much to the expecta- 
tioiis Ml'.ich the statements of their last report wei'e calculated to ex¬ 
cite. '^riic motives by wdtich the earliest emigi’ants were animated, 
and tlie severity of the trials to \^hich they were subjected on their 
first aiTival in Africa, were widl suited to invigorate their faith, and 
to purify and ( xall their religions character. Hence, no village, per¬ 
haps, in our own land exhibits less whi<di is offensive, and more that 
is gratifying to the eye of the Christian, tlmii the village of Monrovia. 
Crimes are almost unkown ; and the utiiversal respect manifested for 
the Sabliath, and the various institutions and duties of Christianity, has 
struck the natives with surprise, and excited the admiration of fo¬ 
reigners. In tiie settlements more recently established, there is, the 
Managers regret to say, less attention to the jicculiar duties of reli¬ 
gion. and a sad deficiency in the number and (pialifications of tlieir 
ministers. 

It were unreasonable to cxjicct that a people so illiterate, so little 
accustomed to retloction, and whose moral habits want that firmness 
which a clear understanding of their reasonableness and importance 
alone can sccuic, should make any great advances in intelligence and 
piety, w ithout the admonitions and instructions of well educated, faith¬ 
ful, and persevci’ing religious teachers. The Managers regard, there¬ 
fore, tlic hcncvoicnt eftbrts of several societies to establish missions in 
Liberia, as jii oniising incalculalde henefits to tlie Cohiny, as well as 
to the African ti*ihes. The Missionary Society of Basle, Swit¬ 
zerland, the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Mis¬ 
sions, and the Society for Domestic and Foreign Missions of the Pro¬ 
testant Episcopal Church, have all, during the last year, i-esolved to 
send missionaries to the Colony. The Managers perceive, by the 
public pa])crs, that one individual has already left Germany, for the 
purpose of devoting himself to the cause of Christianity in Liberia. 

* Appendix A. 


12 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


The system of instruction, so happily organized under tl»e Kev. 
Calvin Holton, on the Lancasterian plan, and vvliich seemed well nigli 
suspended in its operations by his lamented decease, has been placed 
iindcr the superintendence of the Rev. George McGill, (an experienced 
teacher from Baltimore,) and though the schools arc conducted by 
persons of color, who arc deficient in the higher branches of know¬ 
ledge, yet their progress is by no means inconsiderahie, and every 
child in the Colony, native and American, enjoys their advantages. 
We have already mentioned the liheial support which they receive 
from the colonists. 

Large and important accessions have been made during the year 
to the territories of Liberia. Tlie negotiations which were stated, in 
our last report, to be in ])rogress with tlic chiefs of Cape Mount, (the 
trade of which is estimated at g 50,000 ])cr annum,) have been satisfac¬ 
torily concluded, and the actual possession of the soil, which may ul¬ 
timately be expected, could not, in the opinion of the Colonial Agent, 
at the jirescnt time, be more advantageous to the Colorjy. The clncfs 
have stipulated to build a large and commodious factory for the Colo¬ 
nial Government; to guaranty the safety of all persons and pi operty 
belonging to the factory ; to exact no tribute from those who .nay re¬ 
sort to it; to encourage trade between it and the interior; and foiTwer 
to exclude foreigners from similar privileges, and from any right of 
occupancy or possessiem in the country. 

The whole left bank of Stockton Creek, from the Montscrado to the 
St. Paul’s, (9 miles,) was secured to the Society by purchase, in 1825, 
and, upon this tract, three prosperous settlements are already estab¬ 
lished. By recent treaty, that jiart of Buslirod Island, including tlie 
whole right hank, lias been ceded to the Society, and a number of fami¬ 
lies have taken up tlieir residence upon it. It is intended to connect 
this tract with Caldwell, by a bridge 140 feet in length. The situa¬ 
tion is represented as eligible, and the soil exceedingly fertile. 

Perpetual and entire Jurisdiction has been obtained of a territory, 
called the Junk, situate(i on the coast, forty miles to the southeast 
of Monrovia, between two rivers of that name, and by which there 
will, it is believed, be opened an extensive inland water communica¬ 
tion from Monsterado nearly to Young Sesters, a distance of about 
ninety miles. 

The Managers stated in their last report, that the right of use and 
occupancy liad been granted to the Colonial Government, of a region 
of country on the south branch of St. Jolm’s river, north nine miles 
from Young Sesters; that the factory established there had already 
proved profitable to the Colony, and that tlie superintendent of this 
factory had, by his integrity, so impressed the minds of the natives in 
favor of tlie Colony, that the offer of the Colonial Agent to purchase 
Factory Island, in the mouth of the St. John’s, had been accc]>ted. 
The Managers have now the pleasure to add, that an invaluable tract 
of land, of indefitiitc extent, contiguous to this Island, on tire north 
branch of the St. John’s, belongs to the Society. Factories have been 
erected on the Island, and on both branches of the river, and “they 

* Appendix B. 


[1K)C. No. 99.] 13 

ionn,” says Mr. Aslumin, new links of nnion between llio tribes 
ul()ni>' the St. John's, and your Colony. Tise interests of both, and 
all/’ be continues, “are, I trust, at no great distance of time, to be¬ 
come pei'fectly identical, and one numerous and Christian nati(ni, 
using our language and enjoyiog our institutions, to cover the whole 
western c(»ast of Af!‘ica.’’=»^ 

Tso less tliaji stations, from Cape Blount to Trade Town, 

140 jtjiles, arc now under the Government of the Colony, and four ol' 
these have been accjuircd during the last year. 

e have already, (says the Colonial Agent, to some extent.) con¬ 
nected with all our lactorics, an agi icultural appimdage, a plan wbicb 
has j)ro\ed mutually a(Uantageous, in dilfen'nt ways, both to the 
couiitry people, and tlie Colony. A most desii*ab!e addition to be 
made to both, is a school foi* the iiisti*uction of the native }<)utb and 
children ol the respective tribes in which our establishments arc sit¬ 
uated. W bctiicr we regard such schools as a cheap means of extend¬ 
ing l!je power of the colony—as the most cllectnal instruments of ci¬ 
vilizing tiic continent—as a noble exercise of rational ])bilantbro])y, 
or the best expression of Christian piety, (and the object, I think, is 
susceptible of ea(di of Ibcsc views.) I can think of no work c(»nnecte(l 
with the rearijig of tijc colony, of wiiic h tlie accom])lisb!nent is more 
desirable. 1 think it nearly cajjable of moral demonstration, that 
the JiJ'vican tribes may he cirUixed icithout expulsion from their chosen 
settlements and villages, and without that fearful diminution rf their 
jmpnlation, which has. from canscs that do nut exist here as in regard to 
the Indians if ..^incrica, accompanied the mardi of cirilixatiou in that 
hemisphere.’'^ 

W(‘i*c it necessary to adduce oilier evidence of the extensive and 
powerful iuiluence of the colonists over the natives of Africa, than 
that which is exhibited in the numerous successt'ul negotiations for 
tei-ritory, vve might state that, from Cape Mount t(/ Ti adetown. (140 
miles) the Chiefs have solemi.ly hound themselves to exclude ot!ici‘s 
than the people ol Liberia from their counti*y ; that the Colony is 
at peace w ith all the i.ativc tribes ; that tlie slave trade, formerly 
almost their only trallic, is nearly, if not (piite extinct ;tliat to seenre 
education for their sons in the colony, is an object of earnest solici¬ 
tude ; that the Colonial Agent is not imlVocpiently addressed by 
them as head man oftlic wdiolc country ; and that, in case of a i*ecent 
lohbcry committed upon sevei’al in{li\ idnals of Grand Bassa, in the 
service of the Colony, more than 1000 men w ere actually marched 
thence under arms to seek diicctions how to iiroceed, from the Gc- 
\ernment of Liberia.! 

It has been ascertained that there exists in the interior 150 miles 
from the colony, a comparatively j) 0 [)ulous and civilized peojile, par¬ 
tially acquainted w itli agricnllni'c and the arts ; w heie, to borrow 
the language of Mr. Ashmiin, the horse is a common domestic animal ; 
where every article absolutely necessary to comfortable life is pro¬ 
duced by the soil, or manufactured by the skill of the inhabitants ; 

* Appendix It. t Appendix E. • 


[IJoc. No. 99. j 


il 

uhcrc the Arabic is usr<1 as a written Iat!i;uagc in tijc ordinary com¬ 
merce of life ;• wlicrc reg;ular and abundant markets, atid fairs arc 
kept; where a degree of Intelligence and practical rerniement exists 
little com])atibIe witirthe ])erHonal qualities attached, in tite current 
notions of (he age, to the people of Guitfea.” 

Intei-coursc with th.esc j>eople, a knowledge of whom it has been 
the policy of the natives on the coast, for the sake of moiiopolizirig 
the ti*ade< to conceal from t’je colonists, will, it is expected, he shortly 
commenced, and cannot fail to impi'ove tiic commercial interests of 
the Colony, as well as the moral and inteUectual character of tliC 
Africans. 

Though the slave tratle continues to he’prosecuted to a vast extent, 
and with circumstances of inhumanity no Jess infamous and a])j>aMing 
tliaii in foiuncr years, yet the Managers have perused, with pleasure, 
a late decree of tiie King of Frajjce, for its more eilectual sufipi'cs.sion, 
and have learnt, v. ith still liigher satisfaciioi}, ti»at Portugal and Bra¬ 
zil have determined on its speedy abolition. Nor can the innucnce 
wiiiclj tlic Colony of Lihei-ia j)romiscs to exert for the j)rcvention of 
this traflic, be i*egardcd as among the least important ohjects to be 
effected by its ])i ()gress. 

The Boaisl recoril, with grief, tliC death of two venerable Vice 
Presidents of the Society, Colonel John Fagcr Howard, who long 
presided overtlie Auxiliary Society of Maryland, and who ever mani¬ 
fested a deep interest in every cause wliich seiuncd to p’ omisc benclit 
to his country or mankind ; and the lion. William Phillips, of Boston, 
whose contributions to most of the l)ciievolcnt iiistituiions of ilie land 
have sehh)m been erpiallcd, probably never exceeded, in the United 
States. They have alsoh) konent the decease of Dr. J. W. Pcaco, late a 
physician in tiic Colon}^, who died at Savannah on his return to Africa* 

Cqnvinci»»g evidence iias bccii received by the Board, that the po¬ 
pular wsentimentof our country, is becoming very extensively favora¬ 
ble to our desigh, and that; its friends throughout the. Ui^ion are dis¬ 
posed to be neither inciUcient in their nieasin*es, nor scanty in their 
contributions. Nine Auxiliary State Societies ,no\v exist, three of 
which, with subordinate institutions, tof) numerous to specify, have 
been oi-ganizcd duriug the last yeaio Nearly all ti»c ecclesiastical 
bodies of the Ujuted States, have, by resolutions, solemnly expressed 
tl)cir opinion that tiiis Society merits tlie considcratiosi and favor of 
the whole Christian community, and earnestly recomniciidcd it to their 
patronage.* Agents have been employed by (lie Society in several 
States, and their able and unweaiued efforts have greatly strengthen, 
ed public sentiment in our favor, and added to the number, and in¬ 
vigorated the operations of Auxiliary Institutions, 

The liberality of many churches of ditfei’cnt denominations, on (he 
anniversary of our National Independence, oron the Sabbath immedi¬ 
ately preceding or succeeding that day, allbrds reason to hope tliat 
the funds of the institution will receive very large augmentations from 
the charities of future siuiilar occasions. 

The spirit of emigration among the free Colored Peo]>le now prevails 

* Appendix F. 


[Doc. No. 99. j 


15 


itiuch more cxtctusively than, ever before, and the funds of tljc Society 
ai’c inadequate to the transportation of all who seek for a passaj^c. 

The Managers arc hap])y to state, ho^^ever, tlurt the recei])ts of the 
treasury, during the year, c(Uisiderab!y exceed the amount of former 
annual cojitrihutions. On the 3d of February, 1827, there was a ba¬ 
lance in tl>c treasury of Sl,246 92, since wliicli time ^13,294 90 liave 
been received, conslilutiug, witii the preceding balance, a fund of 
14,541 82, of whicli SM,3()1 74, have already been expended, leav¬ 
ing, at j)rescnl, in the hands of the treasurer, S24U 08. 

4'he Hoard record ^^ilh gratitude the distinguished zeal and libe- 
ruiiiy of tiie Society of Friends of N»n*{h Carolitia, who iiave not only 
repeatedly given Icj ge sums to aid the (h'sigti of our ijistitution, but 
who lecejitly took upon themselves the whole labor of sujicrintemling 
t!ie o(tltlt of emigrants by the iS'autilus, and, as we have already men¬ 
tioned, made ample provision for their licalth and comfort during the 
voyage. 

Nor would tlie Managers fail pay a tribute of rc'spcct to the me¬ 
mory of two oxceilent sisters, tlie^lisscs Meades, of Virginia, whose 
chief joy in life, was to witness and assist cverv work of charity, of 
which, they regarded as first the object of this society, and to it con¬ 
secrated the w iiole of their estates. During the tw o last years, the 
amount jccoived from the legacies of these lamented friends to our 
cause, lias exceeded four tliousand dollars. 

A gentleman in the State of New York lias made a donation of one 
hundred dollars to the Society, and oflered to increase it to one tliou- 
saiid, to be [raid in equal annual iustalmeuts, should one hundred in- 
^lividuals he found disposed to contiihutc with the same liberality to 
the funds of onr institution. One iiundred tliousand dollars, or ten 
thousand annualljs for le-n years, would thus he secured to this plii- 
IanlhrH')[)iiic design : and the managers cannot but expi’css the liojic, 
that many will be found ready to give reality to this generous ant! 
sjilendid conception. 

In liie view of the managers, the time has now ai*rived, when the 
possession of a ship by the society, to he constantly enqiloyed in con¬ 
veying emigrants to Liberia, would be attended with munerous advan¬ 
tages. And the jiublic, it is hojicd, w ill not deny tiie means of |mr- 
ciiasing one well adapted to tins [lurjjosc A fund of ten tliousand dol¬ 
lars would jnobably effect this object, aud towards this the Society of 
Fnends in North (karoliua liavc contributed S 250. 

, Hut among the events of the year, relating to tiie interests of tliis 
feocicty. the ajiprojiriation of the Legislature of Maryland of one thou- 
sand dollars, annually, for ten years, to aid in the removal of the free 
cohmed population of that State, to the African colony, deserves a pro¬ 
minent place.* Tiie Managers flatter themselves that tiic Legislatures 
ol other States will not fail to imitate so honorahle an example, and 
esjiecially that Yii-ginia, so eaidy distinguished for her attachment to 
the cau.4c orfhis institution, and w’ko has twice, already, made dona¬ 
tions to promote it, will not fail to sustain it in a manner worthy of 

* ^pperdix D 


16 [Doc. No. 99.3 

her magnanimous cliaractcr, and the magnitude of the interests to 
be secured by its ti iumph.'-' 

The Legislature of Vermont has recently instructed licr Representa¬ 
tives t()su])[)()rt the Society’s apjdication to tlic National Govej'iimcnt ; 
ami resolutions ofsimilar purport have been submitted by a committee 
to the Legislature of Ohio, j 

in obe(iience to a resolution of the Society at its last amuial meet¬ 
ing, lire Roai'd immediately after presented a memorial to the Con- 
gie.ss of the Uniteil States, praying fur aid to the great enterprise in 
whic li tijey ar e engaged ; which was referred to a select committee. 
Tliis committee, in their ab!<3 and interesting rcpoi't, express the 
opinioji that it is m)t easy to discern a!i object to wiiich the j)ecuniar‘y 
resoisrees of the Union can he aj)i)lie(l, of greater importance to the 
national security and welfare, tinin to provide for the removal, iii a 
manner consistent with t!ie rights and interests of the several States, 
of the free colored jiopiilation within their limits. And your commit¬ 
tee would not hesitate to accoLnpan|r this report with a resolution re- 
comniemling, with suitable conditions, such ati appropidation, did not 
the ])u‘)iic bnsincs.*, remaining to t)e disjjosed of by the |)rcsent Con- 
gi-esH, preclude tlse iiope, if not the possibility, of obtaining for a I’c- 
solution the sanction of this House. Tlic cotnmittce close their re¬ 
port with an earnest rccojnmendation of the })rayci‘ of the meniorialists 
to tijc early attentioti of this House.” 

Tiic Managers trust that, from t!»is very brief and imperfect view of 
the progress, sinci^ the last annivcrsai-y, of the great scljcmc of this 
Soc iety, the conclusion is inevitable, that this sciieme is both practi¬ 
cable and expedient; most charitable in clfec't, and magnificent in pro¬ 
mise ; worthy of private benefactions and of national aid. They beg 
leave to solicit the attention of all to the tbiiowing language of the co¬ 
lonists,-cont.incd in their late address : 

It is t!ic topic of onr weekly and daily tlianksgiving to Almighty 
God, both in public and private, and he knows with winit sitmerity, 
tiiat we wci’c ever condm'tcd to this shore. Men may theorize and 
speculate about the plans of the Colonization Society itj America, hut 
fjiere can he no sj)eculation hei e. The cheei-fnl abodes of ci\ilization 
and happiness wliicli ai'C sc.aUei*cd over this verdant mountain ; tlie 
lloui'ishing set'.k'iuents \^i^ich arc S])reading around it ; the sound of 
Ciiristian instruction asnl scenes of Christian worship, which are heard 
and seen in this land of brooding pagan darkness; a thousand con¬ 
tented frecmeii imited in founding a new ("hristian empire; every ob¬ 
ject, every individual, is an argtiinent in demonstration of the wisdom 
and goodness of the plan of colonization.” 

SV here is tlm argument that sljall refute facts like lhe.se ? and where 
is the man hardy enough to deny Ihcmrj 

* Appendix 1). , 

f These Resolutions have, since this Report was written, been adopted, 
t Appendix G , 


Doc, 99— Sig. 8. 

ACCOUNT of Money received and disbursed by the Treasurer of the American Colonization Society, from 1st February, 1827, to 19th 

January, 1828. 


1827 


To amount received to 50th April, 1827, per Repository for April, 1827 

S 1,893 04 

Do 

do 

SOth June, 

do 

June 

671 62 

Do 

do 

25th July, 

do 

July 

948 85 

Do 

do 

15th August, 

do 

August 

1,257 47 

Do 

do 

19th September, 

do 

September 

2,133 54 

Do 

do 

24th October, 

do 

October - 

2,519 89 

Do 

do 

24tb November, 

do 

November 

2,805 14 

Do 

do 

Slst December, 

do 

December 

706 32 

Do 

do 

19th January, 1828 

do 

January - 

359 03 

Add for balance in hands of Treasurer on 

1st Fcbr 

uary, 1827 

1,246- 92 





Dollars 

14.541 82 


1827 


Feb’y 

12 

March 

2 


12. 


21 


26 

April 

9 

May 

24 


28 

June 

15 


20 


50 

July 

9 


25 

August 1 

Septem. 1 


10 

12 

24 


Octob. 20 
Dec. 10 


J. Ashmun’s account for supplies 

• 

_ 

• 

S 124 

00 

note due in OlUce Bank United States 


. 

. 

400 

oe 

Mr. Fonde - - . 


. 


5 

00 

Jno. Kennedy’s bill - 


. 

• 

139 

22 

R. R. Gurley - - - 


. 

- 

22 

00 

Wells & Dickinson 

• 


- 

30 

00 

J. Kennedy’s account for passage of emigrants 

in 

Doris 

691 

00 

Henry Stone - - - 

- 

. 

. 

123 

00 

Jno. Kennedy 

. 

- 

. 

298 

36 

Way & Gideon 

- 

. 

. 

500 

00 

W. A. Davis - - 

- 

. 

- 

11 

81 

W. Hawley, on account of J. Ashmun 

- 

. 

200 

00 

J. A. Kennedy, postages 

- 

- 

. 

49 

53 

R. R. Gurley, salary - 

- 

- 

- 

250 

00 

J. Ashmun’s account - 

. 

. 

. 

125 

37 

J. C. Dunn - - - ^ 

- 

. 

. 

100 

00 

R. R. Gurley - . - 

- 

. 

. 

500 

00 

R. R. Gurley 


. 

- 

67 

50 

W. W. Niles - 

. 

. 


200 

00 

Jno. Kennedy 

. 

. 

. 

178 

88 

J. C. Dunn - 


- 

. 

250 

00 

W. Thompson - -v 

- 

. 

. 

6 

25 

R. R. Gurley ... 

- 

- 

. 

11 

00 

J. C. Dunn . . . " 

. 

- 

. 

212 

10 

J. Ashmun’s account - 

- 

- 

. 

562 

85 

J. A. Kennedy, postages 

- 

- 

. 

31 

04 

J. Cooper ... 

- 


- 

2 

00 

J. H. B. Latrobe’s account 

- 

- 

- 

207 

82 

Loss in notes ... 

. 

- 

•• . 

4 

98 

J. Ashmun ... 

- 

- 

. 

47 

37 

Way & Gideon 

. 

- 

. 

429 

75 

J. Ashmun’s account to J. Benson 

- 

. 

. 

100 

00 

J. Benson ... 

. 

. 

. 

100 

00 

J. Henson _ . . 

- 

. 

. 

10 

00 

Jno. Kennedy 

. 

. 

- 

149 

40 

J. Henstm ... 

- 

. 

. 

20 

00 

J. Ashmun’s account, on account of Doris 

. 

- 

360 

36 

Do do do 


. 

- 

1,544 

85 

Gales Sl Seaton 

. 

. 

. 

18 

75 

J. Ashmw!)’s account - 

. 

- 

- 

721 

52 

Do do - - 

- 

- 

. 

283 

00 



















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Voc. 99 — Sig. 4 


ACCOUNT—Continued 


1828 








1827 

' 





To amount brought over - 

- 

- 

- 

■- 

■ 

S14,541 82 

Dec. 10 

By I. Gillet. September ‘ 1 

- 

- 

S 50 00 










J. Ashmun’s salary, 20tb Oct. 

. 

- 

350 00 










J. A. Kennedy, postage, 8th do 

- 

- 

36 25 








October 8 

J. C. Dunn ... 

. 

- 

385 43 

! 







11 

J: McPhail, account - 

• 

- 

364 68 









22 

J. Laurie . , . 

• 

- 

20 00 








- 

25 

J. Nourse ... 

- 

- 

40 00 









Nov. 12 

R. R. Gurley 

- 

- 

50 00 









17 

Jno. Kennedy 

- 

- 

50 00 







. 


26 

Do - . - 

- 

- 

12 50 










Do . - - 

• 

- 

158 64 










J. C. Dunn - 

- 

- 

'386 43 









30 

J. McPhail . 

- 

- 

65 25 









Decern. 2 

C. C. Harper’s account 

- 

- 

812 07 




. 





6 

Do do 

- 

- 

10 00 









12 

Samuel Fisher’s do 

- 


210 00 







- 


13 

J. Ashmun’s do 

- 

- 

250 00 










Jno. Kennedy 

- 

- 

188 71 









28 

W. W. Miles - 

' - 

- 

239 77 









1828 













JanV 9 

J. A. Kennedy 

- 

- 

33 38 









19 

R. H. Douglass, passage on board 

brig Doris 

- 

1,500 00 










Balance in hand, including g 71 in counterteits 

• 

240 08 


To amount brought ovei* - 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

s 14,541' 82 



Dollars 

14,541 82 
























. 1 




[Doc. No. 99.] 


17 


APPENDIX. 


(A.) 

Office of the American Colonization Society^ 

\VashingtOx\\ May 18, 1825. 

At a special meetini^ of the Board of Mana.^ers of the American 
Colonizaiiori Society, thcdi.sjest of the laws, and the plan of civil go¬ 
vernment for Liberia, as adopted by the Agents of this Society, hav¬ 
ing been read and considered it was, on motion, 

Resolved, That the Board of Managers, considering the satisfac¬ 
tory information afforded by recent accounts from the Colony of the 
successful operation of tlie plan of the civil government thereof, as 
established by their Agents in August last, and seeing therein rea¬ 
son to reconsider their instructions to the Agent of the 29th of De¬ 
cember, 1824, now approve of the principles in that form of govern¬ 
ment, and give their sanction to the same. 

Resolved, That the digest of the laws be referred to a committee to 
examine the same and compare them with the Constitution and laws 
of 1820, and report to the next stated meeting. 


Office of the American Colonization Society, 

Washington, May 1825. 

At a meeting of the Board of Managers, tl»is day, the committee 
appointed at the last meeting, presented the following resolutions, 
which were adopted : 

Resolved, That tlie .>t)ard, having considered the digest of the 
laws now in f(»rce in tlie Colony of Liberia, dated August 19, 1824, 
as prepared by the Agent, do approve tlie same, and declare the same 
to be, under the Constitution, the law of the colony, adding thereto 
the following: In case of failure to find recognizances fort good 
havior, when required, the person so failing shall be subjected to 
such labor on the public works, or other penalty as the Agent shall 
prescribe, until he shall find recognizance, or the object for which it 
was required of him shall have been answered. 

5 




18 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

In all cases of banishment, ^\ here the banished person has no heirs 
in the colony, the land held by him shall revert to the colony. 

Resolved^ That this declaration of the law of the colony, shall not 
be construed to annul or impair any regulations which the Agent, 
under his constitutional authority, may have seen fit to establish sub“ 
sequent to the above date of August 19, 1824. 

Resolved^ That the Resident Agent cause to he printed two thou¬ 
sand copies of the Constitution, government, and laws, of the colony 
of Liberia; as established by this Board at Washington, 23d May, 
1825. 

JAMES LAURIE, Meting President 
R, R. Gurley, Resident Mgent 


C02^ST1TUTS0N 

FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE AFRICAN COLONY AT LIBERIA. 

Article I. All persons born within the limits of the Territory 
held by the American Colonization Society, in Liberia, in Africa, or 
removing there to reside, sliall be free, and entitled to all such rights 
and privileges as are enjoyed by the citiz^'ns of the United States- 

Article II The Colonization Society shall, from time to time, 
make such rules as they may think fit for the government of the set¬ 
tlement, until they shall withdraw their agents, and leave the settlers 
to the government of themselves. 

Article III. The Society’s Agents shall compose a Board, to 
determine all questions relative to the government of the settlement, 
shall decide all disputes between individuals, and shall exercise all 
judicial powers, except such as they shall delegate to Justices of the 
Peace. 

Article IV. The Agents shall appoint all officers not appoint¬ 
ed by the Managers, necessary for the good order and government of 
the settlement* 

Article V. There shall be no slavery in the settlement. 

Article VI. The common law, as in force and modified in the 
United States, and applicable to the situation of the People, shall be 
in force in the settlement. 

Article Vll. Every settler coming to the age of twenty-one 
years, and those now of age, shall take an oath or affirmation, to sup¬ 
port this Constitution. 

Article VlII. In cases of necessity, where no rule has been 
made by the Board of Managers, the Agents arc authorized to make 
the necessary rules and regulations, of which they shall, by the first 
opportunity, inform the Board for tlmir approbation; and they sliall 
continue in force, until the Board shall send out their decision upon 
them. 



19 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

Article IX. This constitution is not to interfere with the ju¬ 
risdiction, rights, and claims, of the Agents of the United States, 
over the captured Africans and others, under their care and control, 
so long as they shall reside witliin the limits of tlie settlement. 

Article X. No alteration shall be made in this Constitution, 
except by an unanimous consent of all present, at a regular meeting of 
the Board of Managers, or by a vote of two-thirds of the members 
present at two successive meetings of the Board of Managers. 


PLAN FOR THE CIVIL GOVERNMENT OF LIBERIA. 

The necessity of a mild, just, and eflicient government for the pre¬ 
servation of individual at»d political rig!»ts among any people, and 
for the advancement of true prosperity, induces the Agents of the 
American Colonization Society most seriously to consider, and im¬ 
mediately to adopt a system for the better regulation, in this colony, 
of public affairs. 

I. The Agent of the Colonization Society possesses, in this settle¬ 
ment, sovereign jiower, subject only to the decisions of the Board. 

II. The Vice Agency .—Three individuals shall be annually nomi¬ 
nated by the colonists for the Vice Agency, one of whom shall be 
appointed by the Agent, unless special reasons forbid such appoint¬ 
ment. 

^ III. Duties of the Vice Agency .—The Vice Agent shall be admitted 
to the councils of the Agent in all important matters, and shall ex¬ 
press an opinion on all questions stibmitted to his consideration. lie 
shall aid the Agent in the discharge of his various duties, and in the 
defence and execution of the laws. In case of the absence or sick¬ 
ness of the Agent, the Vice Agent shall become the general superin¬ 
tendent of public affairs. The colonists shall be permitted to nomi¬ 
nate individuals annually for this ollice, yet an appointment to it, 
may at any time, be revoked by the Agent. 

IV. The Vice Agent, with two other persons, nominated by the 
colonists, and (if approved) appointed by the Agent, shall constitute 
a council, who shall meet when requested by the Agent, to deliberate 
on measures to be adopted for the prosperity of the colony. The 
.Vice Agent shall consult the other members of the council on the 
general interests of the settlement, and make a report to the Agent 
whenever he may believe the common good to require it. Tlie ap¬ 
pointment of this council slmll be annual. 

V. The Judiciary shall consist of the Agent and two Justices of 
the Peace, created by his appointment. The Justices shall have 
cognizance of all cases affecting the peace, and criminal cases within 
the definition of petit larceny; and all actions of debt not exceeding 
twenty dollars. In the Court of monthly sessions the Agent shall 
preside, and the Justices be his a.ssociates. The Court of monthly 
sessions shall have original jurisdiction in all actions of debt where 



20 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


the amount in litigation shall exceed twenty dollars, and in criminal 
causes above the degree of petit larceny, and shall have appellate ju¬ 
risdiction in all cases whatsoever. 

Two constables shall be annually appointed by the Agent, whose 
duty it shall be to execute all j)rocesses. and levy distresses pursuant 
to writs issued by the Justices, and the Cou»*t of monthly sessions^ 
and to aid in preserving the public peace. 

I’he Cler k of the Court of monthly sessions, shall be appointed 
annually by the Court. 

The following committees, the military committee excepted, shall 
be appointed by the Agent, in j)ursuance of a vote of a majoritv of 
the freeholders annually, whose election may be set aside or confirm¬ 
ed by the Agent, as in the case of counsellors : 

I. The Committee of Agriculture, to consist of two persons, who 
are to report and serve as the organ of the Government on all sub¬ 
jects relating to the agriculture of the colony. 

II. The Committee of Public Works, to consist of three persons,, 
who are to report and serve as the organ of the Government, on all 
subjects relating to buildings and fortifications. It shall be the es¬ 
pecial duty of the meiiibcrs of this committee, to superintend, in rota¬ 
tion, the execution of the public works, by the laboring force employ¬ 
ed by the Government. 

IlL The Committee of the Colonial Militia, to consist of all the 
commissioned officers of the colonial militia; who are to report and 
serve as the organ of Government on all subjects relating to the mili¬ 
tia of the Colony. Each committee shall afipoint a chairman, who 
shall communicate for them with the Government and people. 

iV. *'here shall be a Committee of licaltli, who shall be ready at all 
times to report to the Government, on all subjects relating to the 
health of the Colony. 

These committees are to become familiar with all the subjects re* 
lating to their appointments and be ready at all times to meet, consul^ 
and report thereon- when required to do so by the Agent. 

Each committee shall record all important observations and facts, 
relating to the subjects they investigate, for the future use of the Co¬ 
lony. 

V. The militia of the Colony shall be organized into one corps, 
which shall act as infantry and as artillery. This corps shall be 
officered by one captain and two lieutenants, elected by the men. but 
confirmed in their appointmejits, and commissioned by the Agent. 
The officers, in committee, shall appoint all the non-commissioned 
officci s, subject to the apj)robation of the Agent. 

The officers directly attached t(» the Agency, and to be appointed 
by him without nomination by the People, are: 

1st, A storekeeper, w ho, when not on rations, shall receive a small 
compensation for his services. 

2d. A commisvsary of ordi»ance, who, when not on rations, shall 
receive soraecompensatioii. 

Sd. A colonial secretary, who shall likewise receive a small com¬ 
pensation. 


21 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

4tli- A librarian, who shall preserve with care the colonial libra¬ 
ry, and attend to the delivery of books at hours fixed upon by the 
Agent. 

5th A guard of twelve privates, two corporals and one sergeant 
commandant. This guard shall be raised, appointed, ollicered by, 
and subjected to the entire and direct control of the American Colo¬ 
nization Society, and their Agent. They shall, except in case of 
war, or manifest danger, perform all the military service of the Colo¬ 
ny. The settlers being thus delivered from this heavy burden, are 
expected, and will be required, to devote themselves with becoming 
zeal to the great and paramount objects of public and private industry* 

6th. A superintendent of captured Africans. 

7th. Instructors in the public schools. 

8th. An Auctioneer. 

9th. Crier of the court. 


Digest of the laws now in force in the Colony of Liberia, August I9thf 

1824. 

1st. Sedition, mutiny, insubordination, or disobedience to the law¬ 
ful authorities- are high misdemeanors and punishable either by the 
Justice, Court of Sessions, or prerogative of the Agent, as the case 
may he. 

2d. Quarrelling, riot, drunkenness. Sabbath-breaking, profane- 
iiess, and iewdness, are infractions of the public peace, and punisha¬ 
ble by sentence of Justices, or of the Court of Sessions, with fine, 
imprisonment, standing in the stocks, or whipping. 

3d. Persons having violated the peace, or committed the misde¬ 
meanors specified in section first, on being discharged from custody, 
must find recognizances for their good behavior. 

4tli. Simple theft, in v\hich the property stolen shall be less than 
five shilling.s, is petit larceny, and shall always he punished, in pur¬ 
suance of sentence of Justices, or Court of Sessions, by a fine of four¬ 
fold the value of the property stolen, and the culprit to find recogni¬ 
zances in twenty times the amount. 

5th. Grand larceny, and all felonies, jmnishablc, in pursuance of 
judicial sentence, witli whipping and imprisonment, either in irons or 
not, or by a term of labor in chains on the public works- In case of 
failure to find recognizances for good behavior, when required, the 
person so failing sliall be subjected to such labor on the public works, 
or other penalty as the Agent shall prescribe, until he shall find re- 
cogniz.ance, or the object for which it was required of him shall have 
been answered. 

6th. Every able bodied male jierson, receiving rations, is to labor 
for the public, under the superifitendence of the Commissioner for 
Public Woj'ks, two days in each week. Every person is to be consi¬ 
dered in good hcaltli, who shall refuse to report himself and atford 
satisfaction of his inability to labor, to the Committee of Health. 


\ 



22 


[Doc. No. 99. j 


- 7th. Ercry able botlied person as aforesaid, or person not reporting 
his ifidisposition as aforesaid, neglecting to labonr on public works, 
or negligently attending to his own domestic labors, during the four 
days of each we<‘k allowed him, shall, on the representation of the 
Committee of Public Works, be immediately, together with his fami¬ 
ly, put on his own resources. 

8th. No person forfeiting his rations, shall have them restored in 
less than one month, 

SLtli. Persons obstinately refusing to acquiesce in the express deci¬ 
sions of the Board of Managers, shall, on conviction thereof by a 
court of justice, fmfeit ail their real estate in the Colony, and he com¬ 
pelled to leave it. 

lOtli. Persons trespassing on appropriated lands by cutting or re¬ 
moving timber, or otiier property, are liable to exemi)lary damages. 

11th. No person is to reside on the lands of the colofiy, without 
permission of the Society, or tlieir Agent. 

12tii. Expulsion from the colony may take place on conviction for 
ofTences directly affecting the peace and good government of the 
same ; and wlien ordered by the Society, in pindshment of any mis¬ 
demeanors, in their judgment deserving that penalty. The pi operty 
of exiles to pass to his next heirs resident in the colony. In all cases 
of banislmieiit, where the banished person has no heirs in the Colony, 
the land held by him shall revert to the Colony. 

ISth. The party in any judicial li ial, is entitled, if he desire it, to 
trial by jury. 

t4th. Phe common law, and usages of tlie courts of Great Britain 
and the United States, to regulate all judicial proceedings.' 

15tli. All persons are permitted to dispose, of property by will. 
Tlie estate of intestates to be committed, with letters of administra¬ 
tion, to administrators appointed hy the Agent. 

I6th. In all latids appropriated to settlers, every third lot, when 
practicable, shall he reserved for public uses. 

17th. No person shall own lands who does not reside in the Colo¬ 
ny, and cultivate at least two acres, or carry on, with co»»sent of the 
Agent, some mechanical trade, and Imild a substantial house on his 
town lot. 

18th. A substantial house, to answer the requisition of the pro- 
cediog section, must be, 1st. of sufficient extent to accommodate the 
family. 2d. Built of stone, brick, or pise, or of frame or logs, wea- 
therhoarded, and covered with tile or brick. 

19th. All settlers, on their arrival, shall draw town lots and plan¬ 
tations, for which the Agent is to give them a certificate, specifying 
their number, and the time of drawing. If, within two years from 
that date, two acres of land on the plantation shall have been brought 
under cultivation, the town lot cleaied and enclosed, and a legal 
house built, the said certificates may he exchanged for a title deed of 
such lauds, to he held thereafter in fee simple 

20ti). All town lots arc "to he enclosed hy the proprietors \vitl» a 
good {‘ence ; any jjerson neglecting to make such a fence, sliall he an¬ 
swerable to his next neighbor for all damages lie may sustain from 


ri)oc. 1^0. 99.1 


23 


the neglect, by application to the Committee of Agriculture, who 
shall proceed as directed in the laws of the ISth August, 1823. (See 
Journal, under date of November 24, 1824.) 

21st. Persons holding town lots or plantations, are to keep the 
streets contiguous thereto, clear of weeds arid brush to the centr*e, 
and cultivate any trees which may be planted thci*eon. Neglects in 
these cases are to fall under cognizance of the ( onimittee of Agri¬ 
culture, who are to pi-oceed as in the law referr ed to in the pi’eceding 
section. 

22d. Every married man, besides a town lot, shall have for him¬ 
self five acres of plantation land, two for his wife, and one for each 
child, if they are with him : Provided^ That rro single family shall 
have, in ail, more than ten acres. 

23d. No colonist shall deal with the natives of the country for 
lands. 

25th. Nothing but articles of necessity are to he given or expected 
in the rations issued fr om the public storesi 

25th. Missionaries ai*e permitted to reside, coming out with the 
approbation of the Society, so long as they devote themselves to their 
sacred functions. 


(B.) 

We have stated in our repoi’t, that eight stations (not including 
Monrovia,) fr om Cape Mount to IVade Town, (140 miles) are under 
the jurisdiction of the Society. These are, in their order, Cape 
Mount, the St. Paul’s, Bushrod Island, Junk, St. John’s Factory, 
Bob Gray’s Factory, Factory Island, and Young Sesters. We here 
publish the deeds of conveyance, of such as have been received. 

No. 1. Outline of the agreement with the Cape Mount Chiefs; 
August 12, 1826. 

No. 2. Deed of purchase of the St. Paul’s lands, May 11th, 
1825. 

No. 3. Compact with the Junk Chiefs, and Geographical Sketch 
of the Territory. 

No. 4. Deed of conveyance of a tract of country, on the north 
hank of St Johir’s River*, called Bob Gray’s Factory. 

No. 5. Deed of conveyance of Factory Island. 

No. 6. Deed of per petual lease of the Sesters Territory. 


No. 1. 

Monkovia, Jiiigust 12//i, 1826 . 

Sir : The detention of Capt Walstrum a few days beyond his in¬ 
tention, has put it in my power to advise you, that negotiations have 
been entered into with the Chiefs of Cape Mount, wdiicli pr' mise ni, 
a strong hold upon that important point of the African Coast. TjjQ 
absolute purchase of territory there, is, in the present .state of 




24 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


prejudices of the native tribes who hold it, no doubt entirely imprac- 
tirable. But an agreement has been concluded, which w^e believe 
may, and will be solemnly ratified in a few weeks, that will secure 
to us several points, which we regard as second in impctrtance only 
to the actual purchase of the country. The outline of the treaty 
with the Cape Mount chiefs is as follows: 

1. The Colony cedes to the Governor of Cape Mount, the right of 
establishing a trading house at Cape Mesurado, and, for the present, 
permits this establishment to be made on Perseverance Island 

2. And cedes also the right of employing a commercial agent, from 
among the settlers. 

3. To the Colony is ceded the right of the exclusive use of a piece 
of land, situated contiguous to the landing of Cape Mount; and the 
right to appoint and employ, on those premises, any number of fac¬ 
tors and traders. 

4. The Chiefs of Cape Mount agree to build in the first instance, a 
large and secure factory for the Colony at Cape Mount, for a reason¬ 
able? compensation ; to guaranty the safety of persons and property 
belonging to the said factory; exact no tribute or custom of it, or any 
persons resorting to it, forever; and to encourage the free transmis¬ 
sion of all tlie trade of the interior, to tlie said factory. 

5. They also stipulate expressly— 

Mver to sell their country, or any right of occupancy in it, to any 
Europeans or other foreigners, under whatever circumstances* —Also, 

jyever to permit any English, Frenchman, Spaniard, or other than 
the Colonists of Liberia, to establish a factory, or trading house, ashore, 
either for slaves, or produce ; but to oblige them to trade always from 
their vessels* 

6. They also stipulate, that prices shall be mutually adjusted by 
public authority, and revised by the same parties, every four months: 
and, fixed, shall never be departed from, except by mutual consent, and 
a mutual understanding first had, by the same parties. 

7. The Cape Mount and Cape Mesurado people, shall treat each 
other as friends, and members of one common family ; and endeavor 
to obtain, deserve, and keep each others’ confidence. 

Such is the outline. The arrangement is important in itself: the 
ultimate consequences can hardly fail, under good management, of 
being much more so. The trade of Cape Mount id .orth, at a mo- 
dei ate computation, S50,000 per annum. The exclusion of Euro¬ 
peans, we regard as tantamount, its present ^effects on our Colony 
considered, to the acquisition of the property of the soil; to which, 
it may be expected to lead, as soon as the grow th of our population 
shall demand its comprehension within our territorial limits. 

P. S. Letters received this day, from our factory at Sesters, state 
that that establishment remains unmolested; that King Freeman 
stands true to his engagements; and that, on the return of the dry 
season, our interest will be easily established there, more effectually 
and advantageously, than at any former period. 

Respectfully, sir, your obedient servant, 

J. ASHMUN. 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

Know all men by these presents-. 


25 


ThatKin^ Petnr, King Long Peter, King Governor, KingToda, 
and King Jimmy, in person and by their representatives, for them¬ 
selves and their people, on the one part, and J. Ashmun, Agent of 
the American Colonization Society, and C. M. Waring, Vice Agent, 
acting in behalf of the said Society, on the other part, having met by 
previous appointment on the 11th of May, 1825, at Gourah, on Bush- 
rod Inland, for the purpose of strengthening the bond of friendship be¬ 
tween each other, and the principals and people whom they respective¬ 
ly represent, separately and jointly stipulate and agree : 

1st. That there shall be a firm and perpetual peace between the par¬ 
ties represented in this Convention. 

2d. That the American Colony shall never disturb the Kings 
whose signatures are attached to this instrument, nor the people, in the 
quiet possession and use of the lands which they now occupy, or may 
hereafter require for building their towns or making plantations. 

3d. That, wdienever hereafter any wild lands between the St. Paul’s 
and Mesurado rivers may be required by the American Colony for plan¬ 
tations, or other purposes, the authorities of the said colony shall pre¬ 
viously call a conference of the kings herein named, and settle 
equitably the conditions on which said lands shall be occupied. 

4th. .The American Colonization Society, shall have the right, in 
consideration of Jive hundred bars of tobacco, three barrels of rum, five 
casks of powder, five pieces of long raft, five boxes of pipes, ten guns, 
five umbrellas, ten iron pots, and ten pair of shoes, immediately to enter 
into possession of the tract of unoccupied land, bounded towards the 
west by Stockton Creek, and on the north by the St. Paul’s river, 
including the free use of the channel of the said river. 

5th. The authorities of the colony shall appoint some respecta¬ 
ble and influential king or head-man, living near the ceded territory, 
to whom reference of all differences, between the colonists residing on 
said territory and the country people, may be made; but who is not 
to interfere otherwise in the affairs of the settlement. 

KING PETER’S mark. 

KING LONG PETER’S ><1 mark 

KING GOVERNOR’S X mark. 

KING TODA’S mark. 

KING JIMMY’S ><} mark. 

J. ASHMUN. 

C. M. WARING. 

IVitnesses : 

Kxng Peter Bromley’s X mark. 

Ba Caia’s X mark, 

J. S. Mill, 


6 


[Doc. No. 99.} 


^6 


No. 3. 

THE JUNK ESTABLISHMENT. 

History of the ncgoiiation for the same^ and geographical sketch of 

the Junk territory. 

The first considerable river discharging its waters into the ocean^ 
to the leeward of Cape Mesiirado. is the Junk. The District conti¬ 
guous to the mouth of this river, as is usual along this coast, bears 
its name; and commencing five miles to the windward, extends two 
or three miles below it. The distance of the Junk from Monrovia 
is roundly estimated at 40 miles, which is supposed to be a few miles 
greater than an exact admeasurement would give it. 

The Junk District is traversed by two considerable rivers, w’hich, 
descending, the one from the N. N. W. and the other from the moun¬ 
tainous country to the E. N. E. discharging their waters into the 
ocean at tlie distance of only two miles from each other. A peninsu¬ 
lar tongue of alluvial, sandy land, of several miles extent, is formed 
by the near approach and almost parallel direction of these rivers, 
towards their mouths. The river, on the southeastern side of this 
peninsula, is called ihe Junk ; and that on the north, is distinguish¬ 
ed as the Red Junk^ a name descriptive of the color of the clay of 
which its barjksare partly composed. 

Botli rivers are navigable by boats, the Red Junk particularly, on 
vvliich canoes are daily in the practice of ascending a distance of more 
tlian 40 miles, and thnsapproa(hing within five miles of the navigable 
parts of the Mesurado. The anchorage off the mouth of these rivers, 
and the landing across the bars by w hich they are subtended, are safe 
and practicable, at nearly all seasons of the year. The native po¬ 
pulation of the Distinct is numerous, laborious, and enterprising ; 
and the trade, consisting chiefly of rice and camwniod, considerable. 

One of the most obvious measures for beneflttiug the settlements on 
the Mesurado, which a bare inspection of a map of this part of the 
coast suggests, and a very slight acquaintance with its resources de¬ 
monstrates to be of great importance, is the opening of an extensive 
inland water communication between ihc Bassas, and Cape ^Niesura- 
do. The Red Junk, oLitself, presents the means, as has been already 
stated, of carrying on tliis communication nearly 50 miles. The 
Junk will carry it ten miles farther dowm tlie coast, when the St. 
John’s and its different branches are said to afford the means of its ex¬ 
tension into the nclgiiborhood of the Scsters. 

The Colony has already a strong footing in the St. Johns; and, 
it is believed, a safe and permanent one at the Sesters. The occupa¬ 
tion of the Junk, only, is wanted to com[)lete this chain of communi¬ 
cation, and bind the w hole country to the colony in a strong connex¬ 
ion of intercourse, trade, and interests. 

The iriconveniencies, of wanting an establishment at this station, 
have been more sensibly and frequently perceived, since the ocenpa 


fDoe. No. 99.1 


27 


tion of tlie Sesters and St John’s, than before. The regulations of 
trade, which can only be enforced by the colony in the neighbor¬ 
hood of its settlements «.nd factories have been extended to no part of 
the coast to the windward of Bullock Town in Grand Bassa. By 
occupying the Junk, the colony would be able at once to place the 
whole line of coast to the leeward of the cape under these regulations. 
The trade of foreigners would be nearly excluded. And as the con¬ 
sequence of both, the best security of an abiding place with all the 
different tribes, along a line of more than 100 miles of the coast, 
would be afforded the Colony. 

The communication between the leeward tribes and Colony has al¬ 
ways been liable to very unpleasant and frequent iriteruptions from 
the impositions practised on traders arriving at the Junk rivers, oi 
pretence of exacting feri iage toll. The evil arising from this singb 
source called too loudly for redress, so early as l§24, to admit of be¬ 
ing longer neglected. Astipulation was, in September of that year, 
concluded by Mr. Waring, on the ])art of the Colony, with the Junk 
chiefs, on that subject. But it has been frequently and very artfully 
evaded, and proved, like most other conventions unfavorable to the 
immediate interest of the natives, to be too weak a restraint on their 
avarice. 

It was accordingly determined in the early part of October, 1826, 
as a measure of equal advantage and necessity to the colony, to ob¬ 
tain an establishment, if possible, on the peninsula between the two 
rivers, at wdiich a factory should be formed, and a Colonial Agent 
should be constantly stationed, whose duty it should be, besides con¬ 
ducting and regulating the trade of the colony with that district, vi¬ 
gilantly to watch over its interests and extend its influence in that quar¬ 
ter. In pursuance of this intention, Mr- E. Johnson and Jesse Shaw 
received a commission and instructions to negotiate with the Junk 
Chiefs^ for the cession of the peninsula, on the 5th of October, 1826. 

The Commissioners met the Chiefs in Council, on the 10th of Oc¬ 
tober, and spent the day in urging, without, effect, a proposition to 
purchase in the name of the Colony, a part of their peninsula. 

On the 11th, it was perceived by the Commissioners that, should 
the point be yielded by the Cliiefs, and the land sold, their objections 
would be merely overruled, hut could not, at present, be obviated ; 
and that a jealous distrust of the designs of tlie color»y must remain 
with them, which threatened to render much more precarious the pos¬ 
session of the territory than adless perfect tenure more unanimously 
and freely granted. 

A perpetual grant of the situation was then asked for, and, after a 
short consultation, unanimously made. And on th# basis of the 
grant, the Commissioners, on tlie same day, ficgotiated ov.d conclud¬ 
ed the following agreement, to w it ; 

* These chiefs are King* Prince Will, of the Junk, King Tom, of the Red Junk, Pe- 
ter Harris, a powerful and influential Krooman, and the headmen of the two first, Tom 
French and Junk Pepper. 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


2 ^ 

J compact with the Junk Chiefs, securing to the Colony the occupation 
and use of a district in that country. 

Tins solemn compact, concluded this eleventh day of October, 1826, 
betw een J. Ashinun, Agent of the Colony of Liberia, on the one part, 
and King Prince Will, King Tom, and Peter Harris, all of the Junk, 
on the other part, witnesseth : 

That J. Ashmun, and his successors in the government of Liberia, 
shall enjoy the perpetual use and entire jurisdiction of all that piece 
of territory situated on the mouths of the Red Junks, and the Junk 
bounded on the northwest and north by the ocean and mouth of the 
Red Junk river; on the northeast by the same river ; on the east by 
a line drawn across the narrowest part of the peninsula, from the 
Red Junk to Junk rivers; on the southeast by the Junk river; and 
on the south and southwest by the Junk river and the ocean. 

That the said Will, Tom, and Harris, shall immediately erect a 
house on the said ceded territory, not less than eight fathoms in length, 
nor less than two and a half fathoms in breadth, divided into three 
ground apartments, and having a well floored and secure loft; which 
house sliall be built in the most substantial country style, and be the 
property of the said colony of Liberia, to be used for a trading facto- 
ry. 

Tliat J. Ashmun sliall, on the completion of the said factory, send 
a factor to reside in it constantly, and supply it, at all seasons, with 
the best assoi tment of trade goods in his power, and require all the 
traders from the Colony, resorting to the Junk, to make their trade in 
or at the same, and in no other place. 

I'hat no obstruction shall ever be placed, by the headmen of Junk, 
in the w ay of the free access of any traders desirious to resort to, or 
returning from, the said factory. 

That no custom, tribute, dashes, or other exaction or presents, shall, 
at any time, be required, by the said headmen, of the factory or tra¬ 
ders of the colony, on any pretence whatever. 

That the prices of all produce and merchandise entering into the 
trade of the factory, shall be settled, from time to time, by the con¬ 
tracting parties, and strictly adhered to by both. 

That no credits shall he allowed or asked, at the factory. 

That Prince Will, King Tom, and Peter Harris, be paid, each, 
twenty bars, by J. Ashmun, as soon as the factory shall be begun, in 
order to defray the expense of the building. Old debts to the amount 
shall be turned towarcls this payment, Uhere the parties receiving are 
indebted to the Colony. 

That Prince Will sliall sell to the factory a large and sound Kroo 
canoe, at a reasonable price, w Inch canoe shall remain for the sole use 
of the factory. 

The parties finally contract and promise to present and jmnish all 
frauds and impositions, practised or attempted by their people, respec¬ 
tively, and hereby bind themselves to make full indemnity for property 
lost or damaged by the violence or fault of such as they are inutuaL 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


29 


ly bound to control; and in the execution of this treaty, and all their 
transactions with each other, to observe the most perfect good faith. 

Executed by Elijah Johnson and Jesse Shaw, on the part of tlie 
agent of Liberia; and by tlie other contracting parties in person, at 
Junk, the day and year before stated. In testimony whereof, the said 
parties have hereunto set their hands. 

PETER HARRIS, his ^ mark, 
TOM FRENCH, his ^ mark, 
JUNK PEPPER, his mark, 
KING WILL, his mark, 

KING TOM, his mark. 

J. ASHMUN. 

Witnessed by Elijah Johnson, 
j£6S£ Shaw. 


No. 4. 

Deed of conveyance of a tract of country on the north hank of St. John^s 
river, by B. Gray and others, to J. Jlshmun, JSTov. 20, 1826. 

This Indenture, made this twentieth day of November, one tliousand 
eight hundred and twenty-six, between Bob Gray, Jack Gray, and 
Centipede, Headmen of Grand Bassa, the King and other Chiefs 
consenting, of the one part, and J, Ashmun, Agent of, and in 
trust for, the American Colonization Society, of the other part, 
witnesseth : 

That, in consideration of three hundred bars of merchandise, paid 
by the said J. Ashmun to the said Bob, Jack, and Centipede, the re¬ 
ceipt of wdiich is hereby acknowledged, the said Bob, Jack, and Cen¬ 
tipede, have granted, bargained, sold, released, enfeoffed, and con¬ 
firmed, and, by these presents, do grant, bargain, sell, release, enfeoff, 
and confirm, and into possession deliver, all that tract and parcel of 
country situated on the south bank of the great central trunk of the 
river St. John, in the aforesaid country of Grand Bassa. bounded as 
follow s, to wit: on the west, by a line running due noi*th, indefinite¬ 
ly, from the waters edge, due north of the west end of Factoi y Island : 
on the east, by a line running in the same manner from the w ater’s 
edge, due north of the east end of Factory island, and the St. John^s 
river, south, and extending northward indefinitely. 

To have and to hold unto the said J. Ashmun, in trust as aforesaid, 
the above described tract and parcel of country, in fee simple, for¬ 
ever. 



30 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


And the said Bob Gray, Jack Gray, and Centipede, for themselves, 
their successors, and assigns, the said tract and parcel of coiintry, un¬ 
to the said J. Ashmun, his successors, and assigns, in trust for the 
said Amerirati Colonization Society, against the claim or claims of 
the said Bob, Jack, and Centipede, and against the claim and claims 
of all other persons and parties whatever, do, by these presents, for¬ 
ever warrant and defend. 

In testimony wliereof, the aforesaid parties have hereunto sub¬ 
scribed and signed their names, at Grand Baasa, the day 
and first year above written. 

BOB GRAY’S H mark, 
JACK GRAY’S M mark, 
CENTIPEDE’S ^ mark, 

J. ASHMUN. 


No. 5. 

Deed of cojiveijance of Factory Islandy JK^ovember 20, 1826. 

This Indenture, made the seventeenth day of November, in the year 
of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-six, between 
J. Ashmun, Agent of the American t'olonizatioii Society, for the 
Colony of Liberia^ of the one part; and Joe Harris, of Grand Bas- 
sa, with the consent and concurrence of the King and Headmen of 
the same country, of tiie other part, witnesseth : 

That, in consideration of one puncheon of rum, tlirce boxes of pipes, 
four bars of tobacco, and ten muskets, paid in hand, by the said J. 
Ashmun, and of one hogshead of tobacco, ten pieces of clotli, five pots, 
five bars of beads, one Neptune, four iron bars, tlirce casks of pow¬ 
der, and ten cutlasses, and one hundred flints, to be paid by tliesame 
unto the same, the said Joe Harris, for himself, his heirs, assigns, ad¬ 
ministrators, and executors, hath sold, granted, bargained, released, 
and enfeoffed, and, by these presents, doth sell, gi ant, bargain, re¬ 
lease, and enfeoff, unto the said J. Ashmun, in trust for the American 
Colonization Society, all that parcel and district of country known 
by the name of Factory island, being an island situated, lying, and 
being, in the river St. John, in the country of Grand Bassa, com¬ 
mencing, towards the west, at about two miles from the mouth, and 
in the northern branch of the said river; and extending, eastwardly, 
II]) the said branch, four miles, less or more, and being of the average 
breadth of half a mile, less or more, and containing one thousand 
acres, less or more, together witli the houses, timber, fruit-trees, and 
other appurtenances, to the same belonging. To liave and to hold the 
said island and appurtenances, unto the said J. Ashmun, in trust for 
the American Colonization Societj^, in fee simple^ forever. 

And the said Joe Harris, against the claim of the said Joe Harris, 
and against the claims of all other persons and parties, unto the said 



31 


[Doc. Na. 99.] 

J. Aslimun, his successors and assigns, as above stated, the aforede- 
scribed island, dotli, by these presents, for ever warrant and defend. 
In testimony whereof, the parties abovenamed have subscribed their 
hands, at Grand Bassa, in the day and year abovedescribed. 

J. as;hmun, 

JOE HAllllIS’ ^ mark. 

Witnessed by : 

Joe Harris, 

Centipede, 

French Jack, 

It is especially agreed and understood, by the parties to this instru¬ 
ment, that J. Aslimun shall forever enjoy the right of taking from 
tlie banks of the St. John river, any timber, stones, and other build¬ 
ing materials, necessary for the construction of houses, and for other 
improvements, on the said Factory island, without charge or molesta¬ 
tion from any persons whatever. 


No. 6. 

Beal of perpetual lease of the Seslers Territory, Executed October 

&7th, 1825. 

Know all men, that this agreement, whereof King Freeman, of 
Young Scsters, of the one part, and Colston M. Waring and Jacob 
Warner, duly commissioned by J. Aslimun, Agent of the American 
Colonization Society, to transact in the name and on the part of the 
said Society, of tlic other part, are parties, witnesseth, that I, 
the said Freeman, in consideration of one hogshead of tobacco, 
one puncheon of rum, six boxes of pipes, to be paid and deli¬ 
vered to me yearly, every year, the first to commence from 
the date of these presents, hereby cede and convey to the Ame¬ 
rican Colonization Society, the sole use, occupation, and posses¬ 
sion of all that tract of country, lying on either side of the Young 
Scsters river, and extending half a league southwardly of its vsouthern 
bank, and the same distance to the northward of its northen bank, 
being every where of the width of one league, exclusive of the bed of 
the river, and extending longitudinally from the mouth of the said 
river Young Scsters, to its source. I, the said Freeman, also under¬ 
take and agree, for the consideration above specified, to defend and 
protect the said Society, in their aforesaid occupation and use of the 
above described territory, against all claims, demands, aud ain.oyan- 
ccs, vliatcveCj that may be made or ofiei ed, by any of the neighboring 
Tribes, Princes, or Headmen, in prejudice of any rights conveyed by 
these presents. I, the said Freeman, also stipulate, cede, and assure, 
to the said American Colonization Society, the service of all of my 
laboring people, who are to be employed under the direction of the 



32 


[Doc. No. 99.3 


Agent of the said Society, in any labors and improvements to be ac¬ 
complished on tlie territory aforesaid : it being mutually understood 
and stipulated that the said people are not to be employed in any ser¬ 
vice which shall require them, or any of them, to leave or be absent 
from tlie territory above ceded : 

And that we, the ahovenamed Commissioners, for, and in behalf of 
the Aoierican Colonization Society, stipulate and promise, in consid¬ 
eration of the sole use and possession of the aforedescribed Territory 
of Young Sestei s, to pay and deliver to the said King Freeman, eve¬ 
ry year, estimating the commencement of the first from the date of 
these presents, the aforespecified merchandize, and to execute, in all 
respects, the conditions and stipulations of the said Society, as under¬ 
taken and assumed by the same, in this instrument. 

In witness whereof, we, the ahovenamed parties, have hereunto set 
our hands, at Y'oung Sesters. this 27th day of October, in tlic year 
of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-five, and of 
the Colony of Liberia the fourth. 

KING FREEMAN. 

J. WARNER. 

C. M. WARING. 

Executed in duplicates of the same tenor and date, whereof one is 
deposited in the hands of King Freeman, and the other retained, and 
filed and recorded in the Office of the Agent of the American Coloni¬ 
zation Societv, in and for the Colony of Liberia. 

J. ASHMUN. 

This originn/ deed, is, January 24th, 1826, sent per the<<Union,’^ to 
the Secretary of the American Colonization Society, to be filed for 
preservation in the United States. J. A. 


Deed of cession to theJmerican Colonisation Society of the northernpart 
of Bushrod Island. 

These presents, executed this fifteenth day of December, in the 
year of Jesus Christ, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-seven, 
on the Saint Paul’s river, between J. Ashmun, Agent of the Ameilean 
Colonization Society for the Colony of Libeila, of flie one part, and 
Mary McKenzie, proprietress of the northern half of Bushrod island, 
of the other, witnesseth : that, in consideration of an annuity of fifty 
bars, lawful and customary money of the country, to be paid in quar¬ 
terly instalments, for ten years, or during the life of the said Mary, 
the first annual payment having been this day received, she, the 
said Mary, hath granted, bargained, sold, enfeofted, released, and con¬ 
firmed, and by these presents, doth grant, bargain, sell, enfeoff, re¬ 
lease, and confirm, to the said J. Ashmun, all that parcel and tract of 
land, lying and being on, and a part of, the right bank of the Stock- 
ton creek, commencing at the disjunction of the said creek, from the 



[Boc. No. 09.] 

• 

river St. Paul, and extending from the said head, or disjunction, so 
far downward towards tlie southwest as her right in the lands of the 
said bank reaches; and one half mile inland, measured from the 
western margin of the said creek. To have, and to hold for the only 
use, and behalf of the Colony of Liberia, and for no other purpose, or 
party, the said parcel and tract of land, forever. 

In testimony \vhere(»f, I have liereunto aflixed m^ signature, at the 
place, and on the day above specified. 

MARY McKENZIE, her x mark. 

Registered according to law, December 19tb, 1827. 

J. W. PROUT, Register. 


(c.: 


Ad of incorporation of the Mesurado Channelling Companij. 

1. A corporation, having this title, is hereby constituted, for the 
vSole purpose of imprerving the mouth of the Jlesurado River and an- 
choragCf to consist of stockliolders. 

2. Any person subscribing and paying one share of ten dollars, 
or any gi-eater number of shares, shall be a stockhokler in the said 
company. 

3. All the business of this corjjoration shall be conducted by a com¬ 
mittee of the following jiersons, and such successors and associates, 
taken from among stockholders, as the majority shall, from time to 
time, choose, to sujiply vacancies in their own body, viz : L. Carey, 
C. M. Waring, &c. &c. six in all, in whose meetings, the Agent of 
the Colony shall, ex officio, preside. 

4. 'Pile committee shall appoint a Treasurer, of their own number, 
and meet, as often as they shall judge proper, for tlie transaction of 
business. 

5- It shall be tlie special duty of the Committee to superintend, 
(following the order of tbeir names) in their own persons, the execu¬ 
tion of the great work of improvement contemplated by the company. 

6. The advantages to stockholders, and their security for the reim¬ 
bursement of their subscri])tions, are to arise out of a tonnage duty, 
to be assessed, by the Executive of the Colony, on all colonial craft, 
using the improved channels, and out of a light anchorage duty, to be 
imposed on all merchant vessels trading lo Monroe. 

7. As soon as the improved channel sliall be rendered navigable, 
the aforesaid duties shall be chargeable. Of tlie proceeds, a sufllicient 
sum shall be reserved for keeping the work-in order: another sum, 
sufficient to pay the stockholders an interest, not exceeding thirty-three 
per cent, per annum, on the amount of their shares, shall next he re¬ 
served out of the s:\id proceeds, and the balance be applied as a sink¬ 
ing fund, to repay the principal of the stock, until tlie whole shall be 



84 


[Doc. No. 9i).] 


extinguivsbed ; wbcn all tlie rights and powers ol‘ tlie corporation shall 
devolve to tlie Executive of the Colony, and be employed only for the 
benelit and improvement of the same. 

8. Certificates of stock, signed by the Treasurer, and countersign¬ 
ed by the Agent of the Colony, shall be transferable. 

Done in Council, at Monroe, the second day of October, one thousand 
eight hundred and twenty-six. 

J. ASHxMUN. 

REMARKS. 

Soon after this charter was obtained, the company commenced its 
operations, in the w^ay prescribed ; the first object of wbicb was, to 
place temporary and cheap obstr uctions across the river, at the angle 
a little above its mouth, and below the town of Monroe, with a view 
to determine what effect on the direction and foiTc of the current, 
would follow from filling up tlie same bed with stones. The result 
was satisfactory, and a canal, through which it is intended to turn rhe 
whole channel, has been commenced from that point of the south¬ 
western bank upon which it was demonstrated that the obstruc-ions 
proposed, will project the water of the river with the greatest foi ce. 

This labor is now begun. 'J’he shares subscribed, are about one 
hundred, making a capital of one thousand dollars in hand ; but 
stockholders are pledged to raise it to four thousand, if that sum 
should he reejuisite to its completion. 

Idle object of tliis work is to afford a sheltered, direct, and easy 
boat access from the roads to town ; saving, in eNxry trip, a distance 
of from three to five miles, and, ultimately, a channel, by which ves¬ 
sels may run into tlie Mesurado, and moor at the wharves of Monroe. 

It is desired that the Society would subsci'ibe, or autliorize a sub¬ 
scription, to this stock. To every vessel dischai*glng liere, tiic ad¬ 
vantage of even a boat cliaimel, would be, at least, two hundred dol¬ 
lars, exclusive of risk, which I regard, at least, as much more. 

J. ASHMUN. 

Monroe, Jane 11, 1827. 


OUTLIJVE of the plan of the Infirmary of Invalids for Libena, 

li The Agent, and Couuril, and Physician, of tiie Colony, are its 
directors. 

2. All colonists requiring medical treatment^ poor widows, single 
women, orphan children, if not sick, and others unable to supjmrt 
themselves creditably and comfortably, may be admitted by a ticket 
from one of the directors. 

3. A manager js ajipointed to reside at, and give his exclusive and 
constant attention to the incnd)crs of the Infirinary. lie has charge 



35 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

or all t!ie utensils, provisions, furniture ; directs and superintends the 
employments of sucli as can labor; preserves ordei* and cleanliness ; 
carries into eflect ail the pi*escriptions of the attending Physician, and 
causes the punctual observance of all tlie rules and regulations of the 
institution. 

4. The Physician to visit and prescribe for all tiie patients at least 
three times weekh ; oftcjier, if necessary. 

5. Twelve apartments, six for men and male patients, six entirely 
separate, for females, willi a huge eating, school, and worship room, 
are in the use of the institution. Kvei y jierson has a small, plain, and 
cheap folding-bed to himself; all eat at a common table; have their 
hours of labor, relaxation, and rest, stated ; are obliged to shift, at 
least, twice a week; once to liaNe clean beddiiig, and to scrub and 
wash their apartments on Wednesday and Saturday mornings. 

6. There is a bill of fare ]>repared for the institution, prescribing 
the ingredients of every meal througli the week. The provisions in 
use, are, nearly all, the productions of the counti-y ; the tal)lc is sup¬ 
plied in sufticient abundance, and the food wljolesome, but cheap and 
simple. 

7. That part of the plan to vvliich the greatest shai*e of our attention 
has been given, is, that which aims at providing evei'y man, 'tvomaiij 
and child, with such work, as their different complaints, sexes, ages, 
and former habits, will })ermit them to perform with the greatest ad¬ 
vantage to themselves and tiie institution ; and thus make it defray, if 
not the whole, yet the greater part, of tlie expense of carrying it on. 
It is confidently believed \vc shall succeed in this object. Materials 
of every kind are j)rovided by the attention of the manager. Tools 
we have supplied for carrying on dilfei'ent kinds of work ; and it is 
believed we iiave been particularly happy in the choice of tlie manager. 
He wants science, but is a man of great perseverance and assiduity, 
skilled in sevei'al trades, and possessing a good judgment in all. He 
is a man of piety, and excellent moral character,^ and of the middle 
age : C. Buown, from Soutliarnpton, Va. in 1825. 

3. A Cook, Stexvard, JWrse, and fWasherwoman, receive a small 
compensation per diem. All olliers are paid for the w^ork they actu¬ 
ally pcrfoiun, at low rates. The earnings of all, are subject to a de¬ 
duction, judged sufi’icient to defray the expense wliich they severally 
cause the institution, viz : men’s earnings of $ 2 per week ; wo¬ 
men’s do. S I 50 poi* week ; children’s S 1 per week. The women are 
all required, moreover, to perform their own washing, and the men 
to scour their own apartments. 

9. The sorts of labor prescribed to the patients and others belong¬ 
ing to the Infirmary, arc: 1. Cooking; 2. JSrnrsing ; 3. Washing, 
(not only for tlie members of the infirmary, but for others, who may 
send in"this work :) 4. Common Sewing; 5. JSTethng Seines; 6. 
Grinding Cam-wood; 7. Grinding Ochre ; of which we have the ma¬ 
terial in exhaustless abundance ; 8. Picking Oakum ; 9. Picking Cot¬ 
ton; 10. Carding, Spinning, and Weaving Cation; 11. Making and 
jnviting Shingles: 1^. Draxving Cl ap-hoards; 13. Manufacturing 


[Doc. No. 99. j 

Brooms^ 14. Coarse Shoes; 15. Jxe-helves; 16. Oars; 17. TToe" 
handles, ^'‘c,; 18. Spinning; 19. Hope-yarn; 20. Laying Rope, 

i^C, 

10. One of the most interesting features of this institution is, the 
provision made in its plan for converting it into a manufacturing es- 
tablisliment, with a view to teacli colonists what may be done with 
the various and excellent materials for the different manufacturee, 
with which the country abounds. From having been successfully 
employed in the infirmary, it is hoped that many will carry to their 
homes their regular habits of industry, an improved method of house¬ 
keeping, a spirit of engaging in domestic manufactures, and a good 
knowledge of the best methods of carrying them on. No servants are 
to be employed from abroad; and every person admitted, is to be¬ 
come a part of the system* 

Provisions, comprehended in the Bill of Fare* 

Rice, in some form, at every meal. 

Cassada, and plantains, one or the other, at every meal. 

Yams. 

Potatoes. 

Greens. 

Fresh meat, two days in the week. 

Salted meat, one d.ay in t!ie week, besides for soup, and seasoning 
other food. 

Soup, (prepared “ scientifically,^^ according to Dr. Mitchell, and 
boiled seven hours,) ev^ry day, at dinner, a pint, or nine spoonfuls, 
to each adult person. 

Corn meal, for mush, twice a w'eek, when it can be had. 

Flour bread, twice a week, w hen it can be had. 

Palm oil, variously used, and as often as the physician suffers. 

Tea, twice only in the w^eek. 

Coffee, (sweetened with molasses) the produce of the country, daily. 

Fowls, arrow-root, and other small stores, for the ill only, who 
cannot leave their rooms. 

J. A. 


(D.) 

MARYLAND APPROPRIATION. 

Marviand, Set* 

At a session of the General Assembly of Maryland, begun and held 
at the city of Annapolis, on the last Monday of December, being 
the twenty-fifth day of the said month, in the year of our Lord 
one thousand eight hundred and tw^enty-six, and ended the thir¬ 
teenth day of March, one thousand eight hundred and twenty- 
sfwcn, his Excellency Joseph Kent, Esip, Governor, among 
a^ksivs, the follow ing law w^as enacted, to wit: 


37 


[Doc. No. i09.] 

»-Vo. 172. An act making appropriation for the benefit of the Ameri¬ 
can Colonixaiion Socictij, 

Wlicreas-the People and Government of this State, have witnessed, 
with deep interest, the exertions of the American Colonization Soci¬ 
ety to promote and carry into effect the great and laudable objects 
of their association ; and wliercas this Legislature do most highly 
approve of the scheme of African Colonization, set on foot by said 
Society, and believe it to be the only one which can promise practi¬ 
cal benefit to the country, or to that class of the community which it 
is intended to relieve : Therefore, 

Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Maryland, Thatthe 
Treasui er of the Western Shore be, and he is hereby, authorized and 
diiTcted to pay to the order of the Treasurer of the American Coloni¬ 
zation Society, for the use of said Society, the sum of one thousand dol¬ 
lars, out of any unappropriated moneys which shall be in the Ti’casury 
at the time of the passage of this act: Frovided, Thatthe Treasurer of 
the said shore shall be satisfied that the said sum will be expended 
for the benefit of free People of Color, who have been actual residents 
of this State for twelve months previous to the time of their cni- 
barcation. 

Sec. 2. And be it enacted. That the said Treasurer is hereby au¬ 
thorized to pay to the order of the Treasurer of the Society aforesaid, 
the sum of one thousand dcdlars, for the use of said Society^ in the 
month of January, in the year eighteen hundred and twenty-eight; 
and the like sum. at the same time, in each successive year thereaf¬ 
ter : Provided, That after the present year, no jiayment shall be 
made under the authority of this act, unless the otlicers of said Socie¬ 
ty shall present satisfactory proof to the said Treasurer of the West¬ 
ern Shore, that the whole of the appropriation of the preceding year, 
or such parts thereof as may have been expended, has been apjdied 
towards the colonization on the Coast of Africa, of free People of 
Color, who had been actual residents of this State for twelve months 
preceding the time of their embarcation : And provided, farther, That 
the appropriation shall be extended to the ajiplicants for colonization 
from each of the counties and the city of Baltimore, in the ratio of 
applications. 

By the House of Delegates, March l^th, 1827. 

This engrossed bill, the original of which passed this House on 
the 10th day of February, 1827, was this day read, and assented to. 

By order : 

GIDEON PEARCE, Clerk. 

By the Senate, March \Qth, 1827. 

This engrossed bill, the original of which passed the Senate on 
the 8th day of March, 1827, w as this day read, and assented to. 

By order : 


JOSEPH KENT. 


WM. KILTY, Clerk. 


38 (Boc. No. 99.] 

[the great seal of MARTLA^D.] 

Maryland, Set 

I hereby certify, that the foregoing is a full aifd true copy, 
taken from the original engrossed bill deposited in and belo))ging to 
the office of tiie Court of Appeals for the Western Sliore of said State. 

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name, arid 
affixed the seal of the said Court of Ajipeals, this eleventh day 
[L,s.]of April, in die year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred 
and tvvenly-scven. 

TIL HARRIS, Clk. Ct. of Jpps. 


(E.) 

This solemn compact, concluded this 16th day of January, 
1827, between J Asbmun, Agent of tlie Colony of Liberia, and 
King West, of Trade Town, witnesseth : 

That the unhapjiy resort to arms, wiiich, since the month of April, 
1826. has disturbed the friemlly relations of the contracting parties, 
be, from this date, in all its causes, effects, and circumstances, for¬ 
ever so forgolton, and buried in oblivion, as to cease entirely to be 
the occcasion of complaint or difference to the parties. 

That a friendly intercourse and equitable trade between the peo¬ 
ple of the contracting parties, be mutually encouraged and protected 
by the latter. 

That the persons and property of the contractiiig parties and their 
people be by them regarded as sacred and inviolable ; and that they 
mutually endeavor to strengthen the friendly ties by which they 
hereby bind themselves together by an interchange of kind offices ; 
and, particularly, that they aid and assist the enemies of each other 
in no way whatever. 

A small present simll be mutually given and aci^epted by the con¬ 
tracting parties, in confirmation of the foregoing agreement and 
stipulations. 

Signed by the contracting parties in presence of witnesses, at Wade- 
Town, the date above written. 

J. ASHMUN, 

KING WES r^S mark. 


(F-) 

The following public testimonials of approbation have been given 
to the design of the Colonization Society the last year. For many 
others, we refer to the Appendix of the last Aimuaf Report : 




^9 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

VERMOiNT LEGISLATURE. 

Monday, 12, 1827. 

On tlie petition of tlie Vermont Colonization Society, the commit*- 
tee reported a resolution insti'ucting our Senators and Members in 
Congress to use their exertions in procuring the passage of a law, in 
aid of the objects of tlie Society; which was read, and adopted. 


ffesolufions of the Ohio Legislature, 

Resolved hy the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, That our 
Senators in Congress be instructed, and our Representatives be re¬ 
quested, to use their efforts to induce the Government of the LTnited 
States to aid the American Colonization Society in effecting the object 
of their institution, which is so eminently calculated to advance the 
honor and interest of our common country. 

Resolved, That the Governor be, and he is hereby, requested to for¬ 
ward to each of our Senators and Representatives in Congress a copy 
of the foregoing resolution. 

EDWARD KING, 
Speaker of the House of Representatives, 
SAMUEL WHEELER, 

Speaker of the Senate, 

January 24, 1828. 

Secretary of State’s Office, 
Columbus, Ohio, Jan, 26, 1828. 

I certify the above to be a correct copy of tlie original roll remain¬ 
ing in this office. 

JEREMIAH M’LENE, 

Secretary of Slate, 


MASSACHUSETTS CONVENTION. 

At the meeting of this Convention, May 31, 1827, the Rev. Mr. 
Gurley, Secretary of tlie American Colonization Society introduced 
the objects and plan of that Society, and solicited the notice and ap¬ 
probation of the Convention. Tiie subject was referred to the Rev. 
Mr. Edwards, of Andover, Rev. Dr. \Vlllard, of Deerfield, and Rev. 
Mr. Pierpont, of Boston ; who made the following report: 

The Committee to whom was referred the communication of Mr. R. 
R. Gurley, in relation to the American Colonization Society, request¬ 
ing that the favor of this Convention may be shown to its objects, and 
making certain suggestions as to the manner in which those objects 
may be promoted by this body^ have considered the subject referral 
to them, and respectfully report : 

That, in the opinion of your Committee, the objects of the American 
Colonization Society are such as must be approved by humanity and 




40 


[13oc. No. 99.] 


an enlightened patriotism ; and such as especially commend them¬ 
selves to the countenance of a free Cliristian community ; and that, 
although it docs not fall within the circle of this Convention’s specific 
duties, nor yet of its powers, to appropriate any part of its funds to 
the advancement of any of the Society’s objects; yet it is co<iipetcnt 
for this Convention to show to the Society a fraternal sympathy, and 
not only to give it a word of cheering and encouragement, but to re¬ 
commend it to tlie individuals who compose this body to co-operate 
with that, in such nianuef, and at such times, as to each individual 
shall seem to be pointed out by Christian prudence and benevolence. 
Your Committee therefore recommend that it be 

Resolved, That this Convention, approving the objects of the Ame¬ 
rican Colozization Society, and being earnestly desirous of seeing its 
efforts prospered of God, and favored of man, do recommend it to the 
several members of this body, who are disposed actively to co-operate 
with the Society, to lay its claims before their respective congrega¬ 
tions, at such time and in such manner, as, in their judgment, may 
best conduce to the interests of personal freedom, ntitional security, 
and that righteousness and peace which belong to the kingdom of our 
Xord Jesus Christ. 

By order of the Committee, 

J. EDWARDS, Chairman. 

Boston, May St. 

Voted, That this report be accepted. 

A true copy from the minutes of the Convention. 

Attest. JOHN CODMAN, 

Scribe oj the Convention. 


CONNECTICUT CONVENTION. 

At an annual meeting of the Convention of the Congregational 
Clergy of Connecticut, at Hartford, May 2, 1827 : 

Resolved, That this Convention does cheerfully recommend the 
American Colonization Society to the charitable consideration of the 
Congregational Churches in tliis State, as an institution worthy of the 
patronage of individuals of the States, and of the Nation. 

Resolved, That this Convention cordially approves of the measure 
proposed by several ecclesiastical bodies in our country, of making 
collections in the churches for the Colonization Society, on the Sab¬ 
bath immediately piTceding or succeeding the Fourth of July; and 
that tlicy recommend such annual collections to the cliurchcs and con¬ 
gregations in this State. 

Passed in Convention. 


THOMAS ROBBINS, Secretanj. 



41 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

OHIO METHODIST CONFERENCE. 

At a special meeting of the Oliio Local District Conference of the 
iVlctliodist E. Church, held June 18th. 1827—Present about forty 
ministers, and a large numbe)* of spectators ; after an address on the 
objects and character of the American Colonization Society, by t!»e 
Rev. M- M. Ilenklc, the Agent, the following resolution, moved by 
b. Ilostwick, and seconded by Rev', E, Booth, was carried by a unani¬ 
mous vote of the Conference ; and was also approved by a unanimous 
vote of all present. 

Resolved, That this Conference cordially approve the benevolent 
objects of the American Colonization Society ; and that all the Preach¬ 
ers within its jurisdiction be, and tliey are hereby, earnestly requested 
to deliver public addresses, and to take up public collections, in sup¬ 
port of tlie Colonization cause, on the Fourth day of July, annually, 
or on tlje Sabbath immediately ])receding or succeeding that day, 
wherever it may be found practicable. 

CHARLES ELLIOTT, President 

S. Bostwick, Secretary, 

June ISthf 1827. 


Extract from the minutes of the Baptist General Convention of the State 
of OhiOf held May £8, 1827. 

The Corresponding Secretary read a letter from the Rev. Moses 
M. Henkle, Agent of the American Colonization Society : whereupoti 
the following resolution was adopted : 

Resolved, That this Convention highly approve of the objects of 
said Society, and that we recommend to our ministers and brethren, 
generally, to use their influence to advance its interests.’’ 


The following is a copy of a communication made to the Board of Jlfa- 
nagers of the Ohio State Colonization Society, by the Lutheran Sy^ 
nod of Ohio : 

Agreeably to the propositions made by a committee of the Board 
of Managers of the Ohio State Colonization Society to the Lutheran 
Synod of Ohio, c»mvenedat Columbus, June lOtb, 1327, a committee 
was appointed, consisting of the Rev. Messrs. A. Henkle, James B, 
Manning, and C. Henkle, to report on the above subject. The com¬ 
mittee appointed for that purpose, reported the following resolutions; 
which' were adopted by the Synod : 

Resolved, That this Synod not only highly approve the objects of 
the American Colonization Society, for Colonizing the free People 
of Color of the United States, on the coast of Africa,” but cordially 
8 






42 


[Doc. No. 9d.] 

recommend to all the members of this Synod, to patronize said So¬ 
ciety, and to render all possible aid and support thereto. 

Resolved, That the Synod return the most sincere thanks to the 
Board of Managers, for the ex])osition of the views of the Coloni¬ 
zation Society,’’ by them communicated to the Synod. 

Resolved, That Rev. C. Henkle be appointed to transmit a copy to 
the Board of Managers of the aforesaid Society.—0/iio Paper, 


Resolutions of the J^ew York Methodist Annual Conference, 

Newburgh, May 21, 182r. 

Dear Sir : Your communication to the New York Conference of 
the Methodist Episcopal Church, in behalf of the American Coloni¬ 
zation Society, was duly received, and laid before that body. As the 
result of its deliberations on this important and interesting subject, I 
am happy to forward to you the following copy of resolutions, which 
stand recorded on the Journals of the Conference, viz : 

“ Resolved, 1. That each preachei* in charge, be advised, with the 
consent of the official members, to take up a collection in one or more 
of the principal congregations of his ri»*cuit or station, in behalf of 
the Colonization Society, on the 4th of July next, or on the Sabbath 
immediately preceding or succeeding that day. 

Resolved, 2. That the money collected, be transmitted, as soon as^ 
possible, to N. Bangs & J. Emory, Agents of the Methodist Book 
Concern at New York ; and by them to be forwarded to the Treasurer 
of the Colonization Society, after deducting such expenses as they* 
may beat, in receiving and transmitting said moneys.” 

As an individual, permit me to express my earnest and hearty 
wishes for the success of the Society, in its noble enterprise ; and that 
the contemplated collections may bear a due proportion in amount, 
to the importance of the cause, the interests of which they are designed 
to subserve. 

• Yery respectfully, 

Yours, he,, 

THOMAS MASON, Sec^y, 


Resolution of the Methodist Baltimore Annual Conference, 

At the Conference of the Methodist Church, lately held in Balti¬ 
more, the following resolution was passed, and communicated to the 
Board of Managers of the American Colonization Society, by its Se^ 
cretary : 

Resolved hy 'the Baltimore Annual Conference, in Conference assem¬ 
bled, That we highly appi ove the objects of the American Coloniza¬ 
tion Society ; and that we will use all prudent means to promote its 
success, by taking u]) coliections in aid of its funds, on the Sabbath 
preceding or succeeding the 4th of July, in all places where it is 
practicable. 




4a 


[Doc. No. 90.-3 

Resolution of the Lutheran Synod of Pennsylvania. 

MiFFLiiSf, October T 9 1827. 

Dear Sir : At a meeting of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of 
West Pennsylvania, at Mifflin, September SOth, 1827, the Synod 

Resolved^ That this Synod highly approve of the institution and pro¬ 
ceedings of the American Colonization Society, and most earnestly re^ 
commend its interest and advancement to the prayers and patronage 
of all the Churclies under tlieir care. 

ResoLvedf 'I’hata copy of this resolution be transmitted to the Secre¬ 
tary of tlie Society. 

J. GEO. SCHMUCKER, 
Frest. of the Ev, Luth, Synod of West Pennsylvania. 

W. SciiuLTZE, Secretary. 


Approbatory Resolutions of the Connecticut General Association. 

The General Association of Connecticut, at its late meeting, adopt¬ 
ed the following resolution : 

Resolved, That the Association do highly approve of the object and 
exertions of the Colonization Society, and do recommend to the Mi¬ 
nisters in our connection in this State, to use their influence, in that 
way tliat tliey shall judge proper, to aid the Society. 


Resolutions of the Synod of the German Reformed Church, 

The Auxiliary Colonization Society of Frederick County, at a 
meeting in August last, adopted the following resolution : 

“ Resolved, That tlie President appoint a Committee of tliree, to 
appear before the Clergy and Lay Delegates of the German Reform¬ 
ed Ch>urch,when they meet in Frederick, and lay before them the ob¬ 
jects which this Society have in view, their means of effecting them, 
and all such facts as may, in their judgment, be calculated to interest 
them in favor of said Society ; and that the Committee urge upon such 
meeting the importance and necessity of their aid in establishing 
Auxiliary Societies where none exist, in the respective neighborhoods 
where said Clergy and Lay-Delegates reside.’’ 

In compliaiu'e with the above resolution, the President appointed 
Frederick A. Schley, John Nelson, and George Baer, Esquires, as 
the Committee. Those gentlemen waited on the Synod when in ses¬ 
sion, and, after an able address from F. A. Schley, Esq. the Synod 
unanimously resolved, in substance, as follows : 

Resolved, That the Synod view, with deep interest and hearty ap 




44 


fDoc. No. 99.] 


probation, the American Colonization Society, and regard their cause 
as equally worthy the efforts of tlic philanthropist, tlic Christian, and 
the enlightened statesman. 

Resolved, That it be, and hereby is, recommended to the Clergy 
belonging to the German Reformed Church throughout the United 
States, to take up collections, annually, in their respective congrega¬ 
tions, on tlie fourth of July, or such other day as they may deem 
most expedient, to aid said Society; and to recon^mend to their con¬ 
gregations the establishment of Auxiliary Societies, 


Resolutions of the Grand Jury in Ross County, Ohio, 

The Grand Jury empanelled for the County of Ross, for the March 
Term of the Court of Common Pleas, after having disposed of their 
official business, adopted a preamble and resolutions, in which their 
opinions are thus expressed ; 

“ Whereas the benevolent scheme to colonize the free People of Co¬ 
lor, on the continent of Africa, merits the decided concurrence, and 
the entire approbation of the members which compose the Grand Jury : 

“ Therefore resolved, Tliat we, the members of this Grand Jury, 
do heartilv concur in the great and benevolent plan instituted by tlie 
Ameidcan Colonization Society at Washington City, for the purpose 
of colonizing the free People of Color on the continent of Africa ; and 
do recommend it to the patronage of tlie good people of this county. 

“ Resolved, That the foregoing preamble and resolution be signed 
by the Foreman of this Grand Jury, and that it be made public through 
the medium of the newspapers of this place.*’ 


(G.) 

Mdress of the Colonists to the Free People of Color in the United States^ 

At a numerous meeting of the citizens of Monrovia, held at the 
Court House, on the 27th day of August, 1827, for ihepurpose of con¬ 
sidering the expediency of uniting in an address to the Colored Peo¬ 
ple of the United States, Johis H. Folks, Esq. in the chair, it was 
Resolved, That a committee of four persons be appointed, to fi*ame 
acii cular address, to be published in the United States, for the better 
information of the People of Color in that country, l esjwcting the state 
of this Colony, and the condition of the settlers ; and 

'rhat Captains James C. Barbour aiid F. Devany, W. L. Weaver, 
Esq. and the Rev. C. M. Waring and George R. McGill, be the com¬ 
mittee to prepare and report the said address, on Tuesday, the 4th 
day of September next. 




[Doc. No. 99.] 


45 


Tuesday, September 4th, 1327. 

The fiircivamed committee reported the following address, which 
was adopted, and ordered to be transmitted to the United States, 
and there published, for the information of the Colored People of that 
country : 

(circular.) 

As much speculation and uncertainty continues to prevail among 
the People of Color in the United States, respecting our situation and 
prospects in Africa ; and many misrepresentations have been put in 
circulation there, of a nature slanderous to uSy and, in their effects, in¬ 
jurious to them; we feel it our duty, by a true statement of our cir¬ 
cumstances, to endeavor to correct tliem. 

The first consideration which caused our voluntary removal to this 
country, and tlie object which we still regard with the deepest con¬ 
cern, is liberty—liberty, in the sober, simple, but complete sense of 
the word : not a licentious liberty, nor a liberty without government, 
or which should place us without the restraint of salutary laws—but 
that liberty of sjieech, action, and conscience, which distinguishes tlie 
free, enfranchised citizens of a free State. We did not enjoy that 
freedom in our native country ; and, from causes which, as respects 
ourselves, we shall soon forget forever, we were certain it was not 
tliere attainable for ourselves or our children. This, then, being the 
first object of our pursuit in coming to Africa, is probably tlie first 
subject on which you will ask for information. And we must truly 
declare to you, that our expectations and hopes, in this respect, have 
been realized. Our Constitution secures to us, so far as our condition 
allows, all the riglits and privileges enjoyed by the citizens of tlic 
United States and these rights and these privileges are ours. W'c 
arc proprietors of the soil wc live on, and possess the riglits of 
freeholders. Our suffrages, and, what is of more importance, our 
sentiments and our opinions have their due weight in the Government 
we live under. Our laws arc altogether our own : they grew out of 
our circumstances ; arc framed for our exclusive benefit, and admin¬ 
istered either by otlicers of our own appointment, or such as jiossess 
our confidence. We have a judiciary, chosen from among ourselves ; 
wc serve as jurors in the trial of others ; and are liable to bo trieff 
only by juries of our fellow-citizens, ourselves. Wc have all that is 
meant by liberty of conscience. The time and mode of worshijiping 
God, as prescribed us in his word, and dictated by our conscience, 
wc are not only free to follow, but are protected in following. 

Forming a community of our own, in the land of our forefathers ; 
having the commerce, and soil, and resources, of the countiy at our 
disposal ; we know nothing of that debasing inferiority with which 
our very color stamped us in America : there is nothing here to cre¬ 
ate the feeling on our part—nothing to cherish the feeling of sujicri- 
ority in the minds of foreigners who visit us. It is this moral eman¬ 
cipation—this liberation of the mind from worse than iron fetters—- 
that repays us, ten thousand times over, for all that it has cost us, and 


46 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


makes us grateful to God and our American pati'ons for tlie iiappy 
change whicli has taken place in our situation. We are not so self- 
complacent as to rest satisfied with our imjirovement, either as regards 
our minds or our circumstances. \Vc do not expect to remain sta¬ 
tionary. Far from it. But we certainly feel ourselves, for the first 
time, in a state to imjirove either to any purpose. 'J'hc burden is 
gone from our shoulders : we now breathe and move freely; and 
know not (in surveying your present state) for wliicli to jiity you most— 
the empty name of liberty, which you endeavor to content yourselves 
with, in a country that is not yours, or the delusion which makes you 
hope for ampler privileges in that counti’y liereafter. Tell us, which 
is the Whiteman, who, with a prudent regal'd to his own cliaracter, 
can associate with one of you, on terms of ecpiality ? Ask i/s, which 
is the white man who would decline such association with one of our 
number, whose intellectual and moral qualities are not an objection ? 
To both these cpiestions we unhesitatingly make the same answer ; 
There is no such white man. 

We solicit none of you to emigrate to this country : for we know 
not who among you prefers rational independence, and the honest re¬ 
spect of his fellow-men, to that mental sloth and careless poverty w hicii 
you already possess, and your.cliildrcn will inherit after you, in Ame¬ 
rica. But if your views and aspirations rise a degree higher—if 
your minds are not as servile as your pieseut condition—we can de¬ 
cide the question at once; and with confidence say, that you will 
bless the day, and your children after you, w hen you determined to 
become citizens of Liberia. 

But w e do not hold this language on the blessing of lihcrty% for the 
purpose of consoling ourselves for the sacrifice of health, or the suffer¬ 
ing of want, in consequence of our removal to Africa. We enjoy 
health after a few' months’ residence in the country, as unifoi-mly. and 
in as perfect a degree, as we possessed that blessing in our native 
country. And a distressing scarcity of provisions or any of the com¬ 
forts of life, has for the last tw'o years been entirely unknown, even to 
the poorest persons in this community. On tliese ))oints thei'c arc, 
and have been, much misconception and some malicious misrepre¬ 
sentations in the United States. 

We have nearly all suffered from sickness, and, of the earliest emi¬ 
grants, a large proportion fell in the arduous attempt to lay the foun¬ 
dation of the Colony. But are they the only persons whose lives 
have been lost in the cause of human libeity, or sacrificed to the wel¬ 
fare of their fellow-men ? Several out of every ship’s company have, 
w ithin the last four years, been carried oft' by sickness, caused by the 
change of climate. And death occasionally takes a victim from our 
number, without any regard at all to the time of his residence in this 
country. But we never hoped, by leaving America, to escape the 
common lot of mortals—the necessity of death, to which the ju^t ap¬ 
pointment of Heaven consigns us. But we do expect to live as long, 
and pass this life with as little sickness, as yourselves. 

The true character of the African climate is not well understood in 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


4T 


other countries. Its inhabitants are as robust, as healthy, as long 
lived, to say the least, as those of any other country. Notinng like 
an epidemic has ever appeared in this Colony ; nor can we learn from 
the natives, that the calamity of a sweeping sickness evcrj^ct visited 
this part of the continent. But the change from a temperate to a tro¬ 
pical country is a great one—too great not to affect tlje health, more 
or less—and, in the cases of old peo])le, and very young children, it 
often causes death. In the early years of tlie Colony, want of good 
houses, the great fatigues and dangers of tlie settlers, their irregular 
mmle of living, and the hardsliips and discouragements they met with, 
greatly helped tlie other causes of sickness, which jircvailed to an 
alarming extent, and were attended with great moitality. But we 
look back to those times as to a season of trial long past, and nearly 
forgotten. Our houses and circumstances arc now comfortable ; and, 
for the last two or tbi’ce years, not one person in forty, from the Mid¬ 
dle and Soiitbcrn States, lias died from the change of climate. The 
disastrous fate of the company of settlers who came out from Boston 
in the brig Vii’c, eighteen months ago, is an exception to the common 
lot of emigrants ; and the causes of it ought to he explained. Those 
jieople left a cold region in the coldest part of Winter, and arrived 
here in the hottest season of our year. Many of them were too old to 
have survived long in any country. They most imprudently ne¬ 
glected the prcscri])lions of our very successful physician, the Rev. Lot 
Carey, who has great experience and great skill in the fevei‘s of tlie 
countrj', and depended on medicines brought with them, which could 
not fail to prove injurious. And, in corisequenceof all tliose unfortu- 
iiato circumstances, their sutrerings wei*e severe, and many died. But 
we are not apprehensive that a similar calamity will befall any future 
emigrants, except under similar disadvantages. 

People now arriving, have comfortable houses to receive them ; 
will enjoy the regular attendance of a physician in the slight sickness 
that may await them ; will be surrounded and attended by healthy 
and happy people, who have borne tlie effects of the climate, who will 
encourage and foi tify them against that despondency which, alone, 
has carried off several in the first years of the Colony. 

Blit you may say, that even health and freedom, as good as they 
are, arc still deaidy paid for, w hen they cost you the common com¬ 
forts of life, and expose your wives and childi'cn to famine, and all 
the evils of want and poverty. We do not dispute the soundness of 
this conclusion neither ; but we utterly deny that it has any applica¬ 
tion to the people of Liberia. 

Aw^ay with all the false notions that arc circulating about the bar¬ 
renness of tliis country : they are the observations of such ignorant 
or designing men, as would injure both it and yon. A more fertile 
soil, and a more productive country, so far as it is cultivated, tliercis 
not, we believe, on the face of the earth. Its hills and its plains are 
cov'ered with a verdure which never fades ; the productions of nature 
keep on in their growth through all the seasons of the year. Even 
the natives of the country, almost w ithout farming tools, without skill. 


48 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

and with very little labor, make more grain and vegetables than they 
can consume, and often moi'c tliaii they can sell. 

Cattle, swine, fowls, ducks, goats, and sheep, thrive without feed- 
ing, and require no other care than to keep them from straying. 
Cotton, cofiee, indigo, and the sugar cane, are all the sjiontancous 
growth of our forests ; and may be (iiltivated, at pleasure, to any ex¬ 
tent, by such as are disposed. The same may be said of rice, Indian 
corn, guinea corn, millet, and too many species of fruits and vegeta¬ 
bles to be enumerated. Add to all this, we have no dreary Winter 
here, for one half oftl^e year to consume the productions of the other 
half Nature is constantly renewing herself, and constantly pouring 
her treasures, all the year round, into the laps of the industrious. We 
could say, on this subject, more ; but we are afraid of exciting, too 
highly, the hopes of the imprudent. Such ])ersons, we think, will do 
well to keep their rented cellars, and earn their twenty-five cents a 
day, at the wheelbarrow, in tlie commercial towns of America, and 
stay where they are. It is only the industrious and virtuous that we 
can point to independence, and plenty, and happiness, in this country. 
Such people are nearly sure to attain, in a very few years, to a style 
of comfortable living, which they may in vain liope for in the United 
States ; and, however short we come of this character ourselves, it is 
only a due acknowledgment of the bounty of Divine Providence, to 
say, that we generally enjoy t!ic good things of this life to our entire 
satisfaction. 

Our trade and commerce is chiefly confined to the coast, to the in¬ 
terior parts of the continent, and to foreign vessels. It is already va¬ 
luable, and fast increasing. It is carried on in the productions of the 
country, consisting of rice, palm oil, ivory, tortoise shell, dye woods, 
gold, hides, w ax, and a small amount of coffee ; and it brings us, in 
return, the products and manufactures of the four quarters of the 
w orld. Seldom, indeed, is our harbor clear of European and Ameri¬ 
can shipping ; and the bustle and thronging of our streets, show some-’ 
thing, already, of the activity of the smaller seaports of the United 
States. 

Mechanics, of nearly every trade, are carrying on their various 
occupations ; their wages are high ; and a large number w'ould be 
sure of constant and profitable employment. 

Not a child or youth in the Colony but is provided with an appro¬ 
priate school. We have a numerous public library, and a court¬ 
house, meeting-houses, achool-houses, and fortifications sufficient, or 
nearly so, for the Colony, in its present state. 

Our houses are constructed of the same materials, and finished in 
the same style, as in the towns of America. W^e have abundance of 
good building stone, shells for lime, and clay, of an excellent quality, 
for bricks. Timber is plentiful, of various kinds, and fit for all the 
different purposes of building and fencing. 

Truly, w e have a goodly heritage; and if there is any thing lacking 
in the character or condition of the people of this Colony, it never can 
be charged to the account of the country : it must be the fruit of our 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


49 


own raismanagement, or slothfulncas, or vices. But from these evils 
we confide in Him, to whom we are indebted for all our blessings, to 
preserve us. It is the topic of our weekly and daily thanksgiving to 
Almighty God, both in public and in private, and He knows with what 
sincerity, that we were ever conducted, by his Providence, to this 
shore. Such great favors, in so short a time, and mixed with so few 
trials, are to be ascribed to nothing but his special blessing. This 
we acknowledge. We only want the gratitude w hich such signal fa¬ 
vors call for. Nor are we willing to close this paper without adding 
a heartfelt testimonial of the deep obligations w e owe to our Ameri¬ 
can patrons and best earthly benefactors, whose wisdom pointed ns to 
this home of our nation, and w hose active and persevering benevo¬ 
lence enabled us to reach it. Judge, then, of the Icelings with which 
we hear the motives and the doings of the Colonization Society tra¬ 
duced—and that, too, by men too ignorant to know what that Society 
has accomplished ; too weak to look through its plans and intentions ; 
or too dishonest to acknowledge either. But, without pretending to 
any prophetic sagacity, we can certainly predict to that Society, the 
ultimate triumph of their hopes and labors, and disappointment and 
defeat to all w ho oppose them. Men may theorize, and speculate 
about their plans in America, but there can be no speculation here. 
The cheerful abodes of civilization and happiness which are scattered 
over this verdant mountain—the flourishing settlements which are 
spi‘eading around it—the sound of Christian instruction, and scenes 
of Christian w orship, which are heard and seen in this land of brood¬ 
ing pagan darkness—a thousand contented freemen united in founding 
a new Christain empire, happy themselves, and the instruments of 
happiness toothers—every object, every individual, is an argument, 
is demonstration, of the wisdom and tlie goodness of the plan of colo¬ 
nization. 

Where is the argument that shall refute facts like these ? And where 
is the man hardy enough to deny them ? 


(H.) 


Constitution of the American Colonization Society. 

Art. I. This society shall be called “The American Society for 
Colonizing the Free People of Color of the United States.” 

Art. 11. The object to which its attention is to be exclusively di¬ 
rected, is to promote and execute a plan for colonizing (with their 
consent) the free People of Color residing in our country, in Africa, 
or such other place as Congress shall deem most expedient. Ami the 
Society shall a''t, to effect this object, in co-operation with the Gene¬ 
ral Government, and such of the States as may adopt regulations upon 
the subject. 

Art. III. Every citizen of the United States, who shall subscribe 
these articles, and be an annual contributor of one dollar to the funds 
of the Society, shall be a member. On paying a sum not less than 
thirty dollars, at one subscription, shall be a mefnber for life. 

9 



50 


[Doc. No. i)9.] 


Art. IV. The officers of the Society shall be, a President, Vice 
Presidents, a Serretary, a rreasorer, a Recorder, and a Board of 
Managei’s, composed of the ahoveriained oiiicers, and twelve other 
meinbers of the Society. 'Phey shall be annually elected by the mem¬ 
bers of tlie Society, at their antnial meeting on the Saturday preced¬ 
ing New Year’s Day, and continue to discharge their respective duties 
till others are aj)pointed. 

Art. V. It shall be the duty of the President to preside at all 
meetings of ihe Society, and of the Board of Managers, and to call 
meetings of the Society and of the Board, when he thinks necessary, 
or when required by any three members of the Boai d. 

Art. VJ. I'he Vice-Presidents, according to seniority, shall dis¬ 
charge these duties in ilie absence of the President. 

Art, VII. Y'he Secretary shall take minutes of the proceedings, 
prepare and publish notices, and discharge such other duties as the 
Board, or the President, or, in his absence, the Vice-President, ac¬ 
cording to setiiority, (when the Board is not sitting.) shall direct. 
And the Recorder shall record the proceedings and the names of the 
members, and discharge such other duties as may be required of him. 

Art. Vlll. The I'reasurer shall receive and take charge of tlie 
funds of the Society, under such .security as may he prescribed by the 
Boanl of Managers ; keep the accounts, and exhibit a statement of 
receipts and expenditures at every annual meeting, and discharge 
such other duties as may be required of him. 

Art. IX. The Board of Managers shall meet on the first Monday 
in January, the first Monday in April, the first Monday in July, and 
the first Monday in October, every year, and at such other times as 
the President may direct, Tliey sliall conduct the business of the So¬ 
ciety, and take such measures for efifectiug its object as they shall 
think proper, or shall be directed at the meetings of the Society, and 
make an annual report of their proceedings. They shall also fill up 
all vacancies occurring <luring the year, and make such by-laws for 
their government as they may deem necessary, provided tlie same are 
not repugnant to this constitution. 

* Art. X Every Society w hich shall be formed in the United States 
to aid in the object of this Association, and which shall co-operate 
with its funds for the purposes thereof, agreeably to the rules and 
regulations of this Society, shall be considered auxiliary thereto; and 
its oiiicers shall be entitled to attend and vote at all meetings of the 
Society, and of the Board of Managers. 


LIST OF SOCIETIES 

AUXILIARY TO THE AMERICAN COLONIZATION SOCIETY. 

•Auxiliary Colonisation Society of Maryland. 
OFFICERS. 

Hon. Charles Carroll, of CarrolItmi, President 



[Doc. Ko. 


U 


Vice-Presidents* 


Rt. Rev. Bishop Kemp, 
Gen. Samuel Smith, 
Roger B. Taney, 

Luke Tiernan, 

Dr. James Stuart, 

Robert Oliver, 

Isaac McKim, 

Col. Mayiiudier^ 

Robert U. Goldsborough, 
Charles Gohlsboi'ough, 
James H. McCulloli, 
Pliilip E. Thomas, 

Robert Gilmor, 

Dezekiah JsJles, 

John Grahaine. 

Richard T. Earle, 


William Barroll, 
Jose|)h Kent, 

Josepli E. Muse, 
rhomas James Bullitt 
Daniel Martin, 
Anthony Ba; ning, 
Wm. H. Tilghrnan, 

J. T. Chase, 

A. C. Magruder, 

John Brewer, 

James Murray, 

John Leeds Kerr, 
Daniel Murray, • 

J. J. Speed, 

Sa'.nuel Sterett. 


Board of Managers. 


Rev, Dr. Henshaw, 

Rev. Mr. Nevins, 

Rev. Mr. Waugh, 

Rev. Mr. Brerkenrk?/i^e, 
Rev. Dr. Wyatt, 

Rev. Dr. Kurtz, 

Rev. Mr. Hane. 'n, 

Rev. Mr. Finla. , 

Peter Hoffman, 

Col. Benjamin C. Howard. 
Gen. Geo. H. Stuart, 

Col. William Stuart, 
Robert Armstrong, 

Co^ John Berry, 

Thomas Kelso, 

Jacob I. Colien, 

Dr. P. Macauley, 

Solomon Etting, 

D. Fk G. Edrington, 

Wm. Bose, 


Thomas Armstrong, 
Wm. Wilkins, 

Hugh McElderry, 
Wm. Gvvynn, 

Richard H. Douglas, 
Thomas Ellicott, 

Dr. Richard Steuart, 
Nathaniel Williams, 
Richard Gill, 

Edward Kemp, 
Richard B. Magruder, 
Upton S. Heath, 
Charles S. Walsh, 
F'rancis H. Davidge, 
Joseph Cushing, 
Fielder Israel, 
Tilghrnan Brice, 
Edmund Didier, 

Dr. Eli Ayres, 

Wm. R. Adair. 


Jolin Hoffman, Treasurer. 
Edward J. Coale, Secretary, 
James Bryan, Mst. Sec^ry. 


.dgeneij. 

Hon. Judge Brice. Chairman^ 
John H. B. Latrobe, 

John 1. Lloyd, 

Charles Howard, 

Charles C. Harper, Secrefarif. 





52 


[Doe. No. 99.] 

Mxiliary Society of Stark County, Ohio, 


James Hazlett, Fresident 


Jacob Rex, and 1 
Rev. N. Folsom, J 


Vice-Presidents, 


John Sala, 

Win. W. Laird, 
Joseph Parker, and 
Samuel Coulter, 


\>Managers. 


Rev. .T. B. Morrow, Bee. Secretary, 
John Saxton, Corresponding Secretary, 
James Gaff, Jr. Treasurer. 


Connecticut Colonization Society, 

President, 

His Excellency Gideon Tomlinson, Governor. 
Vice-Presidents, 

Hon. John Thompson Peters, a Judge of Supreme Court. 
Benjamin Silliman, Professor of Chemistry in Yale College. 

Secretary. 

Rev. Leonard Bacon, New Haven. 

Treasurer. 

Seth Terry, Esquire, Hartford. 

Managers, 

His Honor John S. Peters, Lieutenant Governor, Hebron. 

Hon. Ebenezer Young. Speaker House Representatives, Killingl 
Rev. Joel H. Linsley, Hartford. 

Rev. Samuel Merwin, New Haven. 

Right Rev. T. C. Brownwell. President Washington College. 
Rev. T. H. Gallaudet, Principal American Asylum, Hartford. 
Seth P. Beers, Esquire. Corn. S. Fund, Litchfield. 

Hon. John Alsoji, Senator*, Middletown. 

Hon. R. I. Ingersoll, Member Congress, New Haven. 



53 


[Doc. No. §9.] 


^iixiliary Society of the State of Vermont 


Hon. Elijah Paine, President, 
Vice-Presidents, 

Hon. C. P. Van Ness, His Ex. Ezra Butleu. 


Managers, 


Rev. Alinon Dunbar, 

Hon. Seth Wetmore, 

Hon. Martin Chittenden, 
Hon. Israel P. Dana, 
Rev. James Hobart, 

Hon. D. Azro A. Buck, 


Hon. Amariah Chandlei*, 
Samuel Clark, Esq. 

Hon. Pliineas White, 

Rev. Calvin Yale, 

Hon. Thomas Emerson, 
Hon. Abner Forbes. 


Hon. Jeduthun Loomis. Treasurer, 
Hon. Joseph Howes, Jiuditor, 

Rev. Chester Wright, Secretary, . 


Colonisation Society of the State of Mew Jersey, 


President, 

Robert Field Stockton, of the United States’ Navy. 
Vice-Presidents, 

James S. Green, Esq. Gen. John Frelinghuysen, 

L. Q. C. Elmer, Esq. James Stryker, Esq. 

Dr, John T, Woodhull, Professor John Maclean. 

Robert Voorhees, Esq. Treasurer, 

Rev. Robert Baird, Secretary, 


Managers, 


Richard M. Green, Esq. 
Thomas White, Esq. 
John R. Thompson, Esq. 
Rev. Geo. S. W oodhull, 
Mr George, Sherman, 
Mr. Daniel Fenton, 


Dr. A. P. Hagermau, 
Prof. L. Halsey, 

Samuel J. Bayard, Esq. 
Mr. Emley Olden, 

Mr. (!ox, 

Mr. James Nourse. 


Directors, or Honorary Managers, 


His Ex. I. H. W^illiamson, 
Hon. A. Kirkpatrick, 

Hon. Ricliard Stockton, 
Hon. T. Frelinghuysen, 
Hon. Lewis Condict, 

His Hon. Wm. Rossel, 

His Hon. Gabriel Ford. 


David Thompson, Esq. 
Samuel Bayard, Esq. 

His Hon. Charles Ewing, 
William Cruser, Esq. 
Peter. D. Vrooni. Jun. Esq. 
Stacy G. Potts, Esq. 

Dr. A, R. Taylor, 



54 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


J.<)hn N. Simpson, Esq. 
Rev. Symmes C. Henry, 
Nathaniel Cole, M. D. 
John Potter, Esq. 

C. L. Hardenburg, Esq. 
Mr. Samuel Aaron, 

Rev. Dr. Samuel Miller, 
Rev. Dr. A. Alexander, 
Rev. Dr James Carnahan, 
Rev. Dr. John Macdowell, 


R^^v. Dr. Asa Hi liver, 

Rr v. David Comfort, 
Rev. Isaac Brown, 

Rev. Will. C. Brownlee, 
Rev. Dr, Cannon, 

Rev. Peter Lahagh, 

Rev. Dr. P. Milledoller, 
Rev. Samuel Doughty, 
Rev. Joseph Holdich. 


Colonization Society of the State of JNTjw Hampshire^ 
President^ 

His Excellency David L. Morril, Gnffstown. 

Vice Presidents, 

Rev. Bennet Tyler, D. D., Hanorver, 

Jonathan Smith, Esq., Peterborough^ 

Hon. Matthew Harvey, Ilopkintony 
Hon. Levi Woodbury, Portsmouth^ 

Rev John II. Church, D. D., Pelham, 

Hon. Samuel Bell, Chester^ 

Hon. Moses P. Payson, Bath^ 

Hon, Caleb Keith, Wentworth, 

Hon. William A. Kent, Concord, 

Hon. George B. Upham, Claremont, 

Secretary, 

Dr. Joseph Reynolds, Concord. 

Treasurer. 

William Pickering, Esq. Concord, 

Managers. 

Rev. Jonathan Nye, Claremont, 
lion. Henry Hubbard, Charlestown, 

Samuel Morril, Concord, 

Isaac Hill, Concord, 

Titus Brown, Francestown, 

Edmund Parker, .Amherst, 

Mills Olcott, Esq., Hanover, 

Moses Baker. Esq., Campton, 

Stephen Ambrose, Esq., Concord, 

^ Hon. Ezekiel Webster, Esq., Boscawenj 
John Williams, Esq , Dover, 

Artemas Rogers, Esq., Henniker, 



55 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

Auxiliary Society of the State of Maine, 
His Excellency Albion K. Parris, President. 
Vice-Presidents, 

Prentiss Mellen, Rev. J. Nicliolls. 

Charles S. Davis, Treasurer, 

Thomas A. Dehlois, Secretary, 

Trustees, 

Rev. E. Payson, Henry Smith, 

Rev. T. B. Ripley, Nathaniel Dana, 

Simon Grcenleat', Allred Richardson. 

Joseph Sibley, 


Auxiliary State Society of Pennsylvania. 


Thomas C. James, M. D. President. 
Rev. Benjamin Allen, Vice-President, 
Gei'ard Ralston, Treasurer. 
William B. Davidson, Secretary. 


Samuel Archer, 
Silas E. Weir, 
Isaac C. Jones, 
Pliilip Garrett, 
Solomon Allen, 


Managers. 

J. K. Mitchell, M. D. 
John Wurtz, 

James Bayard, 

Eli K. Price, 

G. W. Blight. 


Auxiliary Society of the State of Ohio, 

Hon. Jeremiah Morrow, President, 

Vice Presidents. 

Abraham Sliepherd, Esq. Speaker of the Senate, of Brown county. 
Rev. R. H. Bishop. D. D. President of the Miami University, 
Rev. James Hoge, of Franklin county, 
jlev. D. Purviance, of Preble county, 

Hon. William M*Lean, of Miami county, 

Joseph S. Benham, Esq. of Hamilton county, 

t 'v. R. G. Wilson, D D. President of the Ohio University, 
ivid Higgins,*Esq. of Butler county, 

William Rufus Putman, Esq. of Washington county, 

Rev. W. M‘MiIlan, of Harrison county. 




56 


[Hoc. No. 99.] 


D. W. Deshler, Esq. Recording Secretary, 
Nathaniel M‘Lean, Esq. Corresponding Secretary, 
Nathaniel M‘Lean, Esq. Treasurer, 


Rev. James M<Aboy, 
David Smithy Esq. 
Otis Crosby, Esq. 
Rev. Charles Henkle, 
Mr. John Cunning, 
Gen. John Warner, 


Managers. 

Orris Parrish, Esq. 
Mr. Thomas Johnson, 
Dr. Samuel Persons, 
Dr. Lincoln Goodale, 
Gen. Joseph Foos, 
Rev. Jacob Young. 


Mrth Carolina Society for colonizing the Free People of Color of the 
United States. 


Governor Iredell, President. 


Vice-Presidents. 


Rev. Dr. Caldwell, Dr. Beckwelh. 

Stephen Birdsall, Treasurer, 

Weston R. Gales, Secretary, 

Directors. 


Charles Fisher, 

William Davidson, 

Wiliam Boylan, 

Rev. Dr. Wm. M<Pheeters, 
William Peace, 

William Hill, 

Benjamin S. King, 
William Robards, 

William Gaston, 

Beverly Daniel, 


Bartlett Yancey, 
Alfred Moore, 
John L. Taylor, 
Gavin Hogg, 
Frederick Nash, 
James Mebane, 
John Beard, Jr, 
James F. Taylor, 
Charles Manly, 
Joseph Gales. 


.Auxiliary JVcw Fork Society, 

Col. Henry Rutgers, President. 

Col. William Few "J 

Rev. Alex. M‘Leod, D. D. I Vice-Presidents. 

Rev. Philip Milledoler, D. D. J 

Crove Wright, Treasurer. ^ 

John B. Beck, M. D. Recording Secretary, 




57 


[Doc. No. 99.1 


Ilichmond Colonization Society* 

John Marshall, FresidenU 
John Tyler, ]st Fice Fresidenf, 

Horatio G. 'NViirston, 2d Vice President, 

I'liomas C. Howard, SecreUtfy, 

Benjamin Brand, Treasurer* and 
William H. Fitzwhylsonn, Robert G. Scott, John Rutherfoord, Hall 
Ncilson, John H. Eustace, James Blair, William Crane, David I. 
Burr, William Barret, Willis Cowling, James E. Heath, and Young 
Pan key, other Managers* 


Jiu,viliary Colonization Society* Mrfolk, Va* 
James Nimnio, President* 
Vice-Presidents. 


Seth Foster, 


Richard E. Parker. 
John M‘Phail, Treasurer* 


Managers* 


Rev, Noah Davis, 

Henry W. Ducachet, 
John French, 
Richard L. Green, 
Shepard K. Kollock, 
Thomas G. Broughton, 
Jonathan Cowdery, 

Daniel G. Fisk, 


Alexander Galt, 
Jeremiah Hendren, 
Robert C. Jennings, 
Hamilton Shields, 
Robert Soutter, 
Robert B, Starke, 
Henry Wood is. 


.Auxiliary Society of Isle of Wight County^ Va* 

(Business transacted at Smithfeld.J 
Doctor Robert Butler, President. 

Doctor George VVilson, \st Vice President* 
Major Andrew Woodley, 2d Do* 

Colonel Willis H. Woodley, Secretary. 

John Womble, Treasurer* 


.auxiliary Society of Hampton, Va, 
Rev. John S. Westwood, President. 

Rev. William Gilliam, 1st Vice President. 
Luther H. Reed, 2d Do* 

Samuel Watts, Sen. Sd Do. 

William J. Simpkins, Secretary. 
WTstwood S. Armistead, Esq. Treasurer* 
10 





58 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

Jucciliarij Society of Sussex County, Va, 

(Business transacted at Sussex Court-house.) 
John Cargill, Esq. President. 

Major William Parham, Vice President. 
Colonel George Blow, Secretary. 

VVilliam Parham, Treasurer. 


.Auxiliary Society of Jllbcmarle County, Va. 
General J. H. Cocke, President. 

William C. Rives, 1 

J. H. Terrell, t Vice-Presidents. 

Thomas W. Gilmer. J 

Jona. B. Carr, Treasurer. 


.Auxiliary Society of King William County, Va.r 
John Roane, Esq. President. 
Vice-Presidents. 

Rev. Robert Simple, Rev. And. Broaddus, 

Christopher W. Taliaferro, Secretary. 

Doctor William Gwathmey, Treasurer. 


.Auxiliary Society of Kanhawa County, Va. 
Philip P. Thomson, Esq. President. 
Vice-Presidents. 

Hon. Lewis Summers, John L. Fry. 

Joseph Lovell, Esq. Treasurer. 
Edward S. Eddy, Esq. Secretary. 


yiuxiliary Society, Augusta County, Va. 

Rev. Dr. Conrad Speece, President. 
Vice-Presidents. 

Rev. James C. Wilson, Rev. Dr. Daniel Stephens. 

Managers. 

Hon. Arcliibald Stuart, James A. M‘Cue, 

William Bell, John M*Cue, 

Daniel Sheffey, David Gilkeson, jr. 

Charles A. Stuart, William Kinney, jr. 

John H. Peyton, David W. Patterson, 

Samuel Clarke, Nicholas C. Kinney. 

William Clark, Esq. Secretary. 

Joseph Cowan, Esq. Treasurer. 





59 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


Jluxilinry Society of Powhatan County, Fa. 


Col. James Clark, President, 

Vice Presidents. 

William Old, Esq., Rev. Edward Baptist. 

Jolin B. Tinsley, Secretary, 

Joseph Davis, Treasurer. 

Managers. 


William Pope, 

Joseph Hobson, 

Rev. Dan. A. Penick. 
Thomas Scott, 

Joseph Davis, 


John Daniel, 

William L. Montague, 
William Sublitt, 

John Gillam. 


Auociliary Colonisation Society of Lynchburg, Campbell County, Fa. 


Rev. John Early, President. 
Vice-Presidents, 

Rev. William S. Reid, Rev. F. G. Smith. 

Robert Toler, Secretary, 

John Caskie, Treasurer. 


John Victor, (Mayor,) 
Will. J, Holcombe, 
David R. Edley, 
Samuel Bransford, 
Elijah Fletcher, 

James Newhall, 


Managers, 

N. M. Taliaferro, 
John D. Urquhart, 
Chris. Umfree, 
John Thurmon, _ 
David G. Munell, 
Dr. John J. Cabell, 


Auxiliary Colonisation Society of Fluvanna County, Virginia. 

Gen. John H. Cocke, President. 

Vice Presidents. 

Rev. Walker Timberlake, John Timberlake, .Tr. Esq. 
Edward J. Magruder, Secretary. 

BarrittG. Payne, Treasurer. 

Managers, 

Guthrie Morris, Dr. G. M. Lewis, 

Gideon A. Strange, Dr. Bazil M. Jones, 

John Winn, Charles W. Jones, 

George Stillman, Martin Tutwiler, 

James Currin, Samuel F. Morris. 




60 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


Auxiliarij Colonixation Society of Jackson Connfijf Georgia. 

William Pentecost, President, 

Hugh Montgomery^ Vice President, 

David Boring, Treasurer, 

Joseph Davis, Secretary, 


Auxiliary Colonixation Society^ Hampden Sidney College, Virginia. 


Auociliary Society of JVheeling Virginia, 


Noah Zaiie, Esq. President, 
Vice Presidents, 


Rev. William Wylie, 
Rev. John Armstrong, 
Rev. Henry Furlong, 


Rev. James Hervey, 
Hon. A. Caldwell. 


Samuel Sprigg, Esq. 

E. J. Lee, Jr. Esq. 

John McLure, Esq. 

James Campbell, 

Richard Simms, Esq. 

Col. A. Woods 
Benjamin McMechon, Esq. 

Jesse C. Smith, Esq. 

Thomas Woods, Esq, Treasurer 
R. McKee, Secretary. 


Managers, 

Robert J. Curtis, Esq. 
William F. Peterson, Esq. 
Dr. John H. Irwin, 

Dana Hubbard, 

Sanjuel McClallen, 

1). B. Bayless, 

Robert C. Woods, Esq. 


Auxiliary Society of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, 


Henry Baldwin, President, 
Vice Presidents, 


Francis Herron, D. D. 
Robert Bruce, D. D. 
John Black. D. D; 

Rev. Elisha P. Swift, 
Rev. C. B. Maguire, 

William M’Candlcss, 
Neville B. Craig, 
Ricbai'd Biddle, 

Harmer Denny, 
Thomas Enoch, 

Charles 

William 


Rev. John H. Hopkins, 
Rev. Charles Avery, 
Rev. Joseph Kerr, 

Rev. Joseph Stockton, 
W'alter Forward. 
Managers, 

W. W. Fettei’inan, 
John M’Kee, 

Chai'les L. Voby, 
Samuel l^hompson, 
John D. Davis, 

H. Israel, Secretary - 
B. Lowric, Treasurer, 





61 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


Auxiliary Society of St, Louis, Alissouri. 

William Carr Lane, President, 

Vice Presidents. 

lion. James H. Peck, George Tompkins, 

Gov. Coles, of Illinois, William S. Carr, 


Col. John O’Fallan, 
Dr. Robert Simpson, 
Hon. Rufus Pettibone, 
Theodore Hunt, 

John Smith, 

John K. Walker, 


Managers, 


Col. Quarles, 
Edward Bates, 

Dr. H. L. Hoffman, 
Horatio Cozens, 
Robert Wash, 
Thomas Cohen. 


T. Spalding, Corresponding Secretary, 
D. Hough. Recording Secretary. 
Aaron Pliulc, Treasurer, 


Aucdliary Society of Portage County, Ohio, 


Jonathan Sloane, President, 
Vice Presidents. 


Chauncey Eggleston, Benjamin Higley, 

Elizur Wright, Alver Day. 

Owen Brown, 


Managers. 


Samuel L. W’hipple, 
Walter Dickison, 

John H. Whittlesey, 
John P. Depeyster, 
Frederick Wadsworth, 
Arthur Anderson, 


Rulzeman Loomis, 
William Stoddard, 
Rufus Pierce, 

William Cool man, Jr. 
W illiam Frazer. 


C. B. Storrs, Cor, Secretary. Seth Day, Rec, Secretary. 
Isaac Swift, Treasurer. 


Auxiliary Society of Frederick County, Va, 

Nathaniel Burwell, President, 

Obed Waite, Treasurer. Augustine C. Smith, Secretary. 


Auxiliary Society of Montgomery County, Md. 





62 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

Auxiliary Society of Harper^s Ferry, Va. 

John SiuhhhRM, Fresidejit, 

Vice Presidents, 

'William M’Guire, Edward Wager, 

Armistead Beckham, Roger Humphreys. 

Jacob AYark, Treasurer, John P. M’Guire, Secretary, 


Auxiliary Society of Loudoun County, Va, 
James Moni*oc, President, 

Vice Presidents, 


Samuel Murray, 

Ludwell Lee, 

Israel Janney, ' 

James Moore, 

M ah Ion Taylor, 

Samuel Nichols, 

Isaac Brown, 

R. D. Henderson, Treasurer. 


Sydney Baily, 

Jolinson Gleaveland, 
Burr Powell, 

James Heaton, 

William Elzey, 

AYilliam Noland, 

Richard H. Lee, Secretary. 


Auxiliary Society of Charlestown, Jefferson Co, Va, 

Dr. Samuel I. Gramer, President, 

Vice Presidents, 

Bushrod C. Washington, John T. A. Washington, 

Adam Weaver, George W^ Humj)hreys, 

Henry S. Turner, Natlianiel Craighill, 

Robert Washington, Treasurer, John Marshall, Secretary. 


Auxiliary Society of Shepherdstown, Va, 

James S. Lane, President, 

John Baker, TYce President, 

John Cookus, Treasurer. Geo, C. P. Kranth, Secretary, 


Auxiliary Society of Rockingham County, Va. 

Hon. Daniel Smith, President, 

Vice Presidents, 

Dr. Peachy Harrison, Rev. Daniel Baker, 

Maj. John Kenney, Col. Samuel H. Lewis, 

David Steele, Treasurer, Dr. Peachy Harrison, I ~ 

^ James Bush, J 






63 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

JiuDciliary Sodehj of Fork, Penn. 

Jacob Barnitz, President. 

Vice Presidents. 

George Barnitz, Jacob Eichelbcrger, 

John Schmidt, Treasurer, 


Auxiliary Society of JVlew London^ Va. 


Rev. John Early, President. 

Vice Presidents. 

James Stephen, Col. John Wall. 


Auxiliary Society of Petersburg; Va. 


Dr. R. Feild, President. 

Rev. And. Syme, 1st Vice President. 
John F. May, 2d Vice President, 

G. P. Disosway, Treasurer, 

AVilliam M. Atkinson, Secretary. 


Managers. 


John Grammer, 

James Hunnicut, Dinwiddle, 
Frs, G. Yancey, 

Minton Thrift, 

W. U. Macfarland, 

Thomas Young, 

Dr. J. C. I’egram, Dinwiddle, 
Edward Pciscud, 


William Clarke, 
Thomas Robinson, 
Thomas Shore, 
Benjamin Rice, 

A. B. Spooner, 
John Taliaferro, 
Hugh Nelson. 


Auxiliary Society of Elkton, Kentucky, 

Rev. John Graham, (of the Methodist church,) President. 
Vice Presidents. 

Rev. Wm. K. Stewart, of the Presbyterian church. 

Rev. John S. Wilson, ofthe Baptist church. 

Mr. W illiam H. Moore, Recording Secretary, 
Cyrus Edwards, Esq. Corresponding Secretary, 
Mr. William G. Logan, Treasurer. 

Managers. 

Col Richard B. New, 
Major John Gray. 


Rev. Caleb N. Bell, 
Mr. John Fletcher, 
Mr. David N. Russel 





64 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


Suxiliarij Society of Hampden County^ Mass, 

Samuel Lathrop, President. 

Israel C. Trask, Vice President. 

F. A. Packard, Cor. Secretary. 

Justice Willard. Rec. Secretary. 

George Colton, Treasurer. 

Managers. 

John Mills, Samuel Osgood, 

Ethan Ely, W. B. O. Peabody. 

Isaac Knapp, 

.Auxiliary Society of Piqua. Miami county^ Ohio. 


Gen. Robert Young. President. 
Vice Presidents. 


James Defrees, 

J. Hendershole, 

John Campbell, 
Wm. Elliott. 

F. P. Tinckum, 
Benj. S. Cox, 
Henry Kitcher, 
Nathan Jackson, 


John Ingram. 

Secretary. Jacob Sandis, Treasurer. 

Managers. 

Joseph Defrees, 

Robert Eirhart, 

David Conklin, 

Moses G. Mitchell, 
Thomas Bellas, 

Martin Simpson. 


.Auxiliary Society, pyedertekshurg, Va. 
John P. Lomax, President. 

Vice Presidents. 

John Gray, Daniel Gunnan, 

John Scott, Robt. Lewis. 


Managers. 


Rev. Edward C. M’Guire, 
Dr. Wm. B rowne, 

William A. Knox, 

Reuben T. Thorn, 

Philip Harrison, 

Wm. C. Beale, 

Rev. Sam’l B. Wilson, Cor. Sec. 


Murray Forbes^ 

Jolin Hart, 

John S. Well ford, 

Samuel Gordon, 

Fayette Johnston, 

Horace Marshall. 

Wm. F. Gray, Rec. Sec. ^ Treas. 


Auxiliary Society, Steubenville, Ohio. 

Hon. John C. Wright, President. 

Vice Presidents. 

David Hoge, Esq. Rev, George Buchanan, 

John M. Goodman, Esq. Rev. J. Morse, 

Rev. George Brown, Rev. C. C. Beatty. 





[Doc. No. 99.] 


65 


H. H. Levcrett, Secretary^ 

G. H. Hallock) 

Bezl. Wells, 

D. Staunton, 

B. Dickson, 

J. Stokeley, 


David Moody, Treasurer^ 
Managers, 

Alex. M’Dowell, 
James G. Herring, 
Jas. Wilson, 

D. L. Collier. _ 


,inxiliary Society^ Washington county, Penn, 
Hon. Joseph Lawrence, President, 


• Vice Presidents, 
Jodathan Knight, Esq, 

Joseph Ritner, Esq. 

Aaron Kerr, Esq. 

Wm. M’Creeiy, Esq. 

Thomas Ringland, Esq. 


James Shannon, Esq. 
Samuel Workman, Esq. 
Wm. Sample, Esq. 

Samuel Hazlett, 

Thos. W. T. M. Kennan, 
Rev. O. B. Jennings, 
Thomas Morgan, Esq. 

Rev. John Graham, 

George Baird, Esq. 

James C. Simonson, 
Samuel Cunningham, Secretary, 


Rev. Samuel Ralston, 
Matthew Brown, 
Thomas Hogc, 

John Anderson, 

Asa Shinn. 

Managers, 

James RKceland, Esq. 
Roh’t Officer, Esq. 

Rob’t Colmery, Esq. 
Joseph Henderson, Esq. 
Samuel M’Farland, Esq, 
John S. Brady, Esq. 

Dr. S. Murdock, 

John Grayson, Esq. 
Jacob Hoyle, Esq. 

Daniel Moore, Treasurer, 


Auxiliary Society of Greenhriar County, Va, 


Dindwiddie Colonisation Society, 

Daniel Gilman Hatch, President, 

William B. Thompson, Vice President, 
Robert H. Booth, Secretary, 

Beverly Anderson, Treasurer, 

Managers, 

John Wainw right, Jol^n N. Fisher, 

John Atkinson, Robert V. Tucker, 

Robert C. Booth, Stith Thompson, 

Douglass Muir, Joseph H, Harper. 

W. H. Cousins, 

11 




66 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


Cincinnati Colonisation Society* 


Joseph S. BcMham, President. 

Bonamv Storer, 1 Presidents. 
J. T. llendsoii, J 
Samuel Lewis. Treasurer. 

Robert Smith Finley, Secretary, 


Managers. 


M. Lyons, 

Rev. D. Root, 

Rev Dr. Rooter, 
Rev. James Challen, 
James Mason, M. D. 
J. R. Sparks, M. D. 


Samuel Robinson, 
Moses Brooks, 

M. O. Williams, 

L. Watson, 

Henry Miller, Senr. 
G. Graham. 


Auxiliary Colonisation Society, Amherst County, Va. 

Rev. Charles H. Page, President. 

Wm. Duncan, 1st Vice President. 

Richard S. Ellis, 2d Vice President. 

Samuel R. Davies, Treasurer, 

Sam. M. Gueland, Secretary. 

Managers. 

Edward A. Cabell, Dr. John P. Brown, 

Hudson M. Gueland, William S. Crawford, 

Wilkins Watson, Edmond Winston. 

Arthur B. Davies, 


Chester County, Penn. Auxiliary Colonization Society, 


Dr. William Darlington, President, 

Vice Presidents. 

Jesse Kersey, Rev. Robert Graham. 
Managers. 


William H. Dillingham, 
Thomas S* Bell, 

Gen. John W. Cunningham, 
Townsend Haines, 

.Jonathan Jones, 

Rev. William Hodgson, 


Dr. Samuel M’Lean, 
Rev, Ebenezer Dickey, 
William Everhart, 
George Hartman. Jr. 
Rev. Simeon Siegfried, 
Jonathan Gause, 


Thomas Williamson, Secretary. 
David Townsend, Treasurer, 




[Doc. No. 99.] 


m 


Auxiliary Colonisation Society of Chillicothe, Ohio* 


The Hon. Edward Tiffin, J^esident, 

Mr. Anthony Walke, Ist Viet President. 

John Bailhache, M Vice President. 
Frederick Grimke, 3d Vice President, 

John M’Coy, Treasurer. 

Samuel Williams, Corresponding Secretary, 
William Steele, Recording Secretary. 


Managers. 

ttfev. James Quinn, ^ Rev. William Graham, 

Joseph Clay bail gh, John P. Bausinan, 

Mr. William M Farland, Mr. William Creigliton, Jr* 

Joseph Sill, Robert Kercheval, 

Nathanj^el Sawyier, George R. Fitzgerald, 

James B. Finley. 


----- 

James T. Worthington, 


Jiuxiliary Colonisation Society, Berkley Countijf 
Philip C. Pendleton, President. 

Edward Colston. I p-,sidents 
Meverill Locke, / y ice fresiaents. 

Thomas Davis, Cor, Secretary, 

John Rogers, Recording Secretary. 
John K. Wilson, Treasurer,. 


Virginia, 


Directors. 


Alexander Cooper, 
Moses T. Hunter, 
Aaron Hibbard, 
Bernard C. Wolff, 
John Doll 
John Strother, 


Rev. Charles C. Krouth, 
Rev. John T. Brooke, 
James M. Brown, 
Almond Sortwell, 

James N. Riddle, * 
Washington Evans. 


i^uxiliary Colonisation Society, JWlson County, Virginia. 


Rev. James Boyd, President. 

John M. Martin, Vice President. 
Col. Brown, Treasurer. 

James Garland, Secretary, 


Managers. 


Robert Rives, Senr. 
Joim Whitehea^, 

Col. Charles Perrow, 
Lee W. Harris, 

Rev. Isaac Paul, 


Rev. John Shepherd, 
Dr. Robt. 1. Kincaii^ 
Robert C. Cutler, 
Lucas P, Thomson. 




68 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

Auxiliary Society of ^ueen Ann^s Countyj Maryland. 

Richard T. Earle, President, 

T^ce Presidents, 

William Carmichael, Esq. John Tilghman, 

John P. Pacha, George Findley. 

William llemsly, 

Br. John Bavidge Emory, Sec^ry, Philemon P. Hopper, Treas^ 


Auxiliary Col&nixation Society of Kent County, Maryland. 

William Barrell, Esq. President, 

Vice Presidents, 


James Bowers, 

C. F. Chambers, 
Thomas Worrell, Esq. 
J. B. Eccleston, Sea'etartj, 


Edward Anderson, Esq.. 
U. Anger. Esq. 

Rev. W. Jackson. 

R, Ringold, Treasurer, 


Auxiliary Cdonixation Society of Dorchester County, Maryland, 


Joseph E. Muse, President, 

Charles Golsborough, Esq. Vice President, 

James Chaplaine, Esq. Treas, James Bryan, Esq. Secretary, 


Mansemond County Auxiliary Society, 

' (Business transacted in the town of Suffolk.) 

Joseph Prentiss, Esq. President, 

Vice Presidents, 

Rev. Jacob Keeling, Rev. Robert Cox, 

Col. Josiah Riddick, Capt. Mills Riddick. 

John T. Kilby, Secretary, Arthur Smith,^ Treasurer, 


Auxiliary Society of Annapolis, 

J. T. Chase, President, 

Vice Presidents, 

William Kilty, Peter Emmerson, 

Thomas Blackistone, C. Dorsey, 

William Spencer, Dr. Thomas Johnsoiv 





ODoc. No. 99.3 


69 


William Hayward, 
James Murray, 

Eenjamin W. Lecompte, 
John Moffat, 

William D, Digges, 
AVilliam R. Stuart, 
Ephraim K. Wilson, 

A. C. Magruder, Secretary^ 


R. B. Taney, 

Charles S. Sewall, 
William Hughlett, 
Thomas Kennedy, 
George C. Washington, 
James Tidball, 


Jonathan Pinkney, Treasurer, 
John Brewer, Recorder, 


Auxiliary Society of Prince George Countyf Md. 


John Johnson, President, 

Vice Presidents, 

James R. Montgomery, Doctor Joseph Kent. 

T. Tyler, Treasurer, Edward Harwood, Secretary, 


Union Colonisation Society, fVilmington, Delaware, 

Hon. Willard Hall, President, 

Col, A. M’Laue, 1st Vice President, 

Rev. E. W. Gilbert, &d Vice President, 

R. A. Henderson, Secretary, 

S. Sa|)pington, Treasurer, 

Directors, 

John Patterson, James A. Sparks, 

Robert Porter, Thomas C. Alrichs; 

George Jones, Thomas Young. 


Auxiliary Society, Talbot County, Aid, 

Tliomas James Bullett, Esg. President, 

For the Eastern District—John Leeds Kerr, Esq. Vice President 
Managers, 

Pere Benson, Esq. Reverend Joseph Scull. 

Samuel Groome, Esq. 

For the Trappe District^Daniel Martin, Esq. Vice President, 
Managers, 

Tench Tilghman, Esq- Thomas Hayward, Esq. 

Samuel S. Dickinson, Esq. 





[Doc. No. 99.] 


to 

For the Bayside District—Anthony Banning, Esq. Vice PresidenU 
Managers. 

Robert Banning, Esq, Richard Spencer, Esq, 

Dr. John Rodgers, 

For the Chappel District—William H. Tilgliman, Vice President 
Managers. 

James Chambers, Esq. Levin Milles, Esq. 

Arthur Holt, Esq. 

James Parrott, Secretary. William Harrison, Treasurer. 


Jinxiliary Society of Edenton, JV*. C. 


James Iredell, President. 
Vice Presidents. 


Reverend Henry Holmes, Reverend John Avery. 

Managers. 


Nathaniel Bord, 

Henry Fliiry, 

James Wills, 

Reverend Mr. Meredeth, 
Henry Wilis, Secretary. 


Mr Kerr, 

John Cox, 

Cliarles E. Johnson, 

Dr. .James Norcum. 

William R. Norcum, Treasurer^ 


.Auxiliary Society of TVarren County, Ohio. 
Thomas D. Webb, President. 

Ephraim Brown, 

William Rayen, 

Mr. Griswold, 

Homer Hiue, 

Lyman Potter, 

William Ripley, 

Reverend J. W. Curtis, Williams Heaton. 

Samuel M. Hitchcock, Secretary. Zalmon Fitch, Treasurer., 


Vice Presidents. 

Richard Hayes, 
Elisha Whittlesey. 
Managers. 

Samuel Swan, 
Marquis Andrews, 
David King, 
James Tayler, 


.Auxiliary Society of SpringfieUU Ohio. 
Reverend Saul Heiikle, President. 
Reverend Franklin Putnam, Vice President. 
G. W. Jewett, Esq. 9,d do. 





71 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


Pierson Spining, Treasurer. 
L. Torbcrt, Secretary. 


Managers. 


•Tool Van Meter, 
Henry Oxtnby, 
Jacob Litfgle. 

Robert Hum])hreys, 
AVitliam Auiptilet, 
Jacob Morgan, Esq. 


Samuel McKinney, 
Sampson Mason, Esq. 
Reverend M. M. Henkle^ 
Reverend A. VV. Poage, 
David Garrison, 

John Cook. 


•Auxiliary Society of Cleveland^ Cuyahoga County, Ohio. 

Samuel Cowles, Esq. President. 

Hon. Samuel Williamson, 1st Vice President. 


Hon. NehemiahAllen, 2d do. 

Richard Lord, Esq. 5d do. 

General Lewis Dille, 4th do. 

Thomson Miles, Esq. 5th do. 


Samuel Starkweather, Esq. Secretary. 

A. W. Walworth, Esq. Treasurer. 

Publishing Committee. 

Rev. S. C. Freeman, Reverend S. I. Bradstreet. 

J. M. Sterling, Esq. 


Auxiliary Society of Meadville, Crawford County, Pa. 


Hon. Stephen Barlow, President. 
Vice Presidents. 


Rev. Timothy Aldcn, 
Rev. Daniel M’Lean, 
Rev. Abel Jackson, 
Hon. Henry Shippen, 
Hon. James Burchfield, 

Rev. Wells Bushnell, 
Rev. Charles Smith, 
Jared Shattuck, 

James Cochran, 

John H. Work, 

David Dick, 


Hon John Brooks, 
Thos. Atkinson, 

John Reynolds, 

William Foster, 

Jacob Guy, 

Managers. 

Hugh B raw ley, 

Doct. A. W. M’DowelJ, 
Daviil Derrikson, 

Roht. L. Potter, 

John McDowell, 

Samuel Torbett, 


Joseph Morrison, Secretary. JohnP. Davis, Treasurer• 
Publishing Committee. 


H. J. Hendikeson, Arthur Culborn. 

John B. Wallace, 




72 


f Doc. No. 99.] 

Auxiliary Society of Alexandria, C. 

Rev. S. Cornelius, President, 

Vice Presidents, 

Rev. M, Lippitt, Rev. J. T. Wheat. 

Managers, 

Wm. Gregory, John Withers, 

Thos. Smith, Isaac Cornell, 

Thos. Sanford, Jas. B. Nicholfs, 

James Douglass, George Johnson, 

N. R. Fitzhugh, Secretary, Cliarles Page, Treasurer, 


Auxiliary Society of Georgetown, D, C, 
Walter Smith, Esq. President, 


Daniel Kurtz, 

T. Corcoran, jun. 
Henry Addison, 

James King, 

John Tickerell, 

James Thomson, 

John J. Stull, Treasurer, 


Managers, 

Wm. Jewell, 

Wm. Morton, 

James Thomas, 
Richd. Cruckshanks, 
Henry Gaither, 

Isaac Owens, 

Frs. Seawell, Secretary, 


Auxiliary Society of Brownsville and Bridgeport, Fayette County, 
Pennsylvania, 


Jhixiliary Society of Wayneshurgh, Green County, Pa, 


Auxiliary Society of Connelsville, Penn, 

Jos. Trever, 1 

Jos. Torrence, and i- Committee of Correspondence, 
J. Trever, J 


Auxiliary Colonization Society, Frederick County, Maryland, 
Major John Graham, President, 


Vice Presidents, 


Rev. D. F. Schaeffer, 

Rev. John Johns,' 

Rev. Jonathan Helfcnstein, 
Dr. Wm. Bradley Tyler, 
Fred. A. Schley, 


Hon. Abraham Shriver 
Wm. Ross, 

George Baer, 

John Schley. 







[Doc. No. 99.] 


73 


Manai 

Rev. Samuel Helfenstein, 
Rioliai’d Potts, 

Moses Worm an, 

Simon Cronise, 

Dr. Jacob Baer, 

John 11. M’Eirresh, 

James M. Slielman, 
Henry Doyle, Treas 


ers. 

John Nelson, 

Lewis P. W. Balcli, 
Cloteworthy Birnie, Jr. 
Richard H. Marshall, 
Thomas Carlton, 
Casper Mantz. 
Secretary, 


ihixiliary Society of Hagerstown, 
William Price, President, 

Joseph I. Merrick, Secretary, 

Samuel Steele, Treasurer, 

Managers, 

Franklin Anderson, Daniel Sprigg, 

Joseph Martin, John Hershey, 

William D. Bell, John Reynolds. 


Mbany Auxiliary Society, N, F. 

Harmanus Bleecker, President, 

Vice-Presidents, 

John Lansing, jr. Stephen Van Rensselaer. 

Ehenezer F. Backus, Treasurer, 

Benjamin F. Butler, Secretary, 


Hudson Auxiliary Society, JSTew. York, 

Hon. Rufus Reed, President, 

Vice Presidents, 

Rev. Cyrus Stebhins, Dr. Samuel White. 

——-, Secretary, John Bowers, Esq. Treasurer, 

Auxiliary Colonization Society of Dutchess Countyf Mw York, 
Philo Ruggles, Esq. President, 

Vice Presidents, 

George Bloom, Abraham G. Storm, 

John L. Fonda, ' Henry Conklin. 

John V. B. Varick, Cor. Sec^ry, Matthew Yassar, Rec, SeeWy. 
xYlfred Raymond, Treasurer, 


Auxiliary Colonization Society, Waterford. 

Samuel Stuart, President. Rev. M. W'. Dwight, Sec^ry. 

12 








74 


[Doc. No. 99.] 

» 

jy^assau and Schodic Colonisation Society. 

Warner, Esq. President, Sam. B. Ludlow, Esq. Sec^ry. 


Auxiliary Colonisation Society^ Catskill, 

Orin Day, President. Robert Dorian, Sec^ry, 


Auxiliary Colonisation Society Hillsdale, 

Adonijah Biddwell, Esq. Pres, Rev. Henry Truesdell, Sec*ry, 


Wilmington Female Auxiliary Society, Delaware. 


Miss Elizabeth Montgomery, First Directress. 

Mrs. A. M. McMullin, Mrs. Lydia M. Gilbert. 

Miss A. U. Danagh, SecWy. Miss Sarah Black, Treasurer. 


Auxiliory Society of Hertford County, JV*. C. 
(Business transacted at Murfreesborough.) 

Vacant, President, 

Vice-Presidents. 

Rev. Daniel Southall, Doctor Isaac Pipkin. 

Rev. James Douglass, Secretary. 

James Wells, Treasurer. 


Auxiliary Society of Pasquotank County, JV. C, 

Isaac Ov^erman, President. 

Jlce-Presidents. 

Enoch Sawyer, Esq. Doctor William Martin. 

John C. Ehringbaus, Secretary. 

Benjamin Sutton, Treasurer. 

Managers. 

Joseph Pritchard, Gen. William Gregory, 

Charles Grice, Esq. Exum Newby, 

ThoS. L. Shannonbouse, Esq. Caleb White. 








75 


[Doc. No. 99.J 

*^iixiliarif Society of Greenhorough, JV*. C. 

George Swain, President. 

Vice Presidents, 

David Worth, Jonathan Hadley, 

Jacob Hubbard, Abel Coffin. 

James Johnson, Treasurer. James Lindsay, Secretary. 


.Auxiliary Society of Chapel Hill. 

Rev. Joseph Caldwell, D. D., President. 

Vice Presidents, 

Major P. Henderson, Robert R. King. 

William M^Cawley, 

Thomas H. Taylor, Treasurer. William Hooker, Secretary. 


Auxiliary Society of Fayetteville, JV*. C. 

John Wenslow, President. 

Duncan M‘Levin, Vice President. 
James Cameron, Treasurer. 


Auooiliary Society of Troy, JV*. ¥. 
David Buel, Sen., President. 


T. M^Coun, 

N. S. S. Beuran, 
Joseph Russell, 
Leland Howard, 
David Buel, Jr. 
Arnatus Robbins, 
Daniel Sackett, 


Vice Presidents. 

E. Morgan. 
Managers. 

Joshua Templeman, 
Zephaniah Filer, 
Rufus Richards, 
John P. Cushman, 
Stephen Warren, 
Allen Fisk. 


O. L. Halley, Secretary. William Smith, Treasurer^ 


Auxiliary Society of Milledgeville, Georgia. 


Auxiliary Society of Maysville, Ky. 
Rev. William Grinsted, President- 







76 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


Vice Frcsidents^ 

George Corcorhi, Lawrence Cahill. 

Plato Stout, Corresponding Secretary, 
Ennis Duncaii, Recording Secretary. 
Ricliard Dement, Treasurer. 


Jluxiliary Society of Russelvilley Kentucky. 


Rev. William Warder, FresidenU 

Rev Pete-Mers 1 rice Presidents. 
Dr. George W. Call, j 
William 1. Morton, Cor. Secretary. 
Thomas W. Nantz, Rec. Secretary. 
Samuel Wilson, Treasurer. 

Managers. 


George D. B rown, 
Richard Bibb, 
Iliigli Barclay, 

D. S. Hammond, 
Charles B. James, 


William Wriglit, 
John B. Bibb, 
Henry Ash burn, 

R. W. January, 

S. A. Atchinson, 


Alexander R. Macey, Dr. H. T. Lovitig. 


Chillicothe Coloni%Ution Society. 

Hon. Edward Tiffin, Fresident. 

Gen. Samuel Finley, I 

A. Walke, I Vice Fresident 

J. Bailhaciie, J 

Samuel Williams, Cor. Secretary, 

William Steele, Rec. Secretary. 

T. V. Swearingen, Treasurer. 

Managers. 

Rev. William Simmons, Nathaniel Sawyier, 

Rev. William Graham, George R. Fitzgerald, 
Rev. Joseph Claybaugh, Robert Kercheval, 

Rev. John Ferree, Samuel Atkinson, 

Rev. J. P. Bausman, Daniel W. Hearn, 
Moses Levi, James T. W orthington. 


Raleigh .duociliary Colonisation Society. 
Col. William Polk, Fresident, 





[Doc. No. 99.] 


77 


Vice Presidents. 

Governor Burton, Judge Henderson, 

Cliiet Justice Taylor, Rev. Dr. M’Pheeters. 
Managers, 

John Haywood, William Boylan, 

Dr. Calvin Jones, Sheiwvood Haywood, 

Gen. Beverly Daniel, William Peace, 

Thomas P. Devereux, Steplien Birdsall, 

William Hill, William Peck, 

Joseph Ross, Benjamin S. King. 

Daniel Dupree, Treasurer. 

Joseph Gales, Secretary. 


.dnxiliary Coloni%ation Society of Cojinellsville, Pennsylvania, 
Daniel Hogers, President. 

George Matthias, Esq. Vice President. 


Cor. Secretaries. 


Joseph Trevor, M. D. 1 
Joseph Torrence, Jun. j 
Jonathan Page, Treasurer, 

Alexander Johnson, Recording Secretary, 


Auxiliary Colonisation Society of Bainhridge, Ohio. 

Rev. Darthuk D. Hewett, President. 
Jonathan Sayre, Vice President. 

Dr. B. O. Carpenter, Secretary. 

William Hu]an, Treasurer. 

T. F. Armstrong. "J 

Absalom Kent, I Cor. Committee. 

James M’Intosh J 
Managers. 

Rev. James,H. Dickey, Jared Taylor, 

Matthew- Gillfcllow, Dr. W. D. Finley, 

John Jones, James T. Wells. 


Camfeld Colonisation Society, Ohio. 

Hon. Elisha Whittlesey, President. 

D. L. Bostweek, and Isaac Barns, Esqrs. Vice Presidents. 
P^. Wadsworth, Corresponding Secretary. 

W. H. Canfich, Recording Secretary. 

E. P'itch, Treasurer. 


V 





7B 


[Doc. No. 99.] 


E. Newton, 
E. Warne, 

C. R, Fowler, 


Managers. 

C. Frethay, 
A. Kent, 

J. Whetmore, 


Fall Creek Juxiliary Colonisation Societyy Highland Countyy Ohiot 
Moses H. Gregg, President. 

Philip W. Spargur, Vice President. 

Elisha Overman, Treasurer. 

Moses Tomlinson, Secretary. 

Corresponding Committee. 

Jonah Tomlinson, Jacob Carson, 

Absalom Lumner, Richard Barnet, 

John Vanplet, Moses Tomlinson, Secretary. 


Selbrook Colonisation Societyy Ohio. 


James Bain, President. 

William Edwards, John Cramer, Ficg Presidents. 
Frank A. Cunningham, Secretary. 

John C. Murphy, Treasurer. 


Or. William Bell, 
Oavid Buchanan, 
James Clancy, 
Thomas Neill, 
Simon Sparks, 
Joseph Beck, 


Managers. 

Jeremiah Gest, 

Col. James Snodgrass, 
James Steele, 

John Sayer, 

James Snodgrass, 
Oavid Buchanan, 


Auxiliary Colonisation Societyy Lancastery Ohio. 

Hon. Elnathan Schofield, President. 

Rev. John Wright, 1st Vice President. 

Rev. Michael J. Steck, 2d do. 

Rev. J. H. Harris, 3d do. 

Col. Samuel F. M’Cracken, Corresponding Secretary. 
Jacob D. Dei trek. Esq. Recording Secretary. 

J. Connel, Treasurer. 


Managers. 

Hon. Philemon Beecher, Captain Joseph Grubb. 

Dr. Robert M’Neill, Jacob Claypool. 

John Creed, Esq. 




[Doc. No. 99.] 


79 


Auxilmry Colonisation Society^ Buckingham countyy Va. 

John M. Walker, Esq. President. 

Rev. Thomas Burge, Vice President 
James Staples, Esq. Treasurer. 

David B. Phelps, Secretary, 

Managers. 

Rev. William Purnell, Robert H. Walthall, 

William Staples, Benjamin Walker. 

John Carson, 


COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE. 

Boston, 

John Tappan, Esq. Chairman, Rev. Mr. Jenks, 

Charles Tappan, Esq. Mr. Wm. Lambert, 

Hon. Samuel Hubbard, Jerrard Hallock, Secretary. 

Rev Mr. Wisner, 

Utica, JV. r. 

Jonas Platt, Esq. Chairman, Wm. Williams, 

Thomas Walker, Thomas Hastings, Esq. Sec^y. 

A. G. Doby, 

JSTew Haven, Conn. 

Simeon Baldwin, Esq. Chairman. Timothy Dwight Esq. 

Rev. Harry Crosswell, Ralph 1. Ingersoll, Esq. Sec, 

Rev. Claudius Herrick, 

Hartford, Conn, 

Henry L. Elsworth, Esq. Chairman. Rev. Mr. Lindsey, 

Doctor Mason F. Cogswell, Rev. Mr. Cushman, 

Rev. Mr. Hawes, S. H, Huntington, Esq. Sec^ 

Providence, R, I, 

Nicholas Brown, Esq. Rev. Stephen Gano, 

Alexander Jones, Esq. JohnNowland, Esq. 

Nathaniel Searle, Esq. 
















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